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Verbos > The Passive Voice: ser > Flashcards

The Passive Voice: ser Flashcards

1
Q

When is the passive voice used?

A

When the subject of the verb is the person or thing that is affected by the action.

______

Active voice: Everyone likes Mary

Subject: Mary
Action: liked

Passive voice: Mary is liked by everyone

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2
Q

How is the passive voice formed? (3)

A
  • Ser + past participle
  • past participle agrees with subject, same as an adj
  • Who action is / was done by: por
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3
Q

Why can you not use estar instead of ser in the passive?

A

ESTAR
Estar is a description of the state of the object.

e.g. La comida está preparada.
The food is prepared (describes the state of the food)

SER
When ser is used in passive, it describes how the subject is effected by the action

e.g. La comida es preparada por la criada.
The meal is prepared by the maid
Here ‘meal’ is the subject, affected by the action (‘preparada’)

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4
Q

How do Spanish speakers avoid using the passive voice? (4)

A

– using the active construction instead of the passive
e.g. The suspect was interrogated by the police.
La policía interrogó al sospechoso.

– using an active verb in the third person plural
e.g. Too many adverts are shown on television.
Ponen demasiados anuncios en la televisión.

– using the Passive Se 
 → only when not naming the agent 
 → mostly about inanimate nouns
e.g. The house was built in 1956.
La casa se construyó en 1956.

– using an impersonal se construction
e.g. It is thought he will die.
Se cree que va a morir.

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5
Q

When can an indirect object be the subject of a passive verb in Spanish?

e.g.
He gave me (indirect object) a book (direct object)
to
I was given a book.

A

An indirect object can never become the subject of a passive verb.

Instead use third person plural of the active verb or by using a reflexive construction

Me dieron un libro

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6
Q

He was sent to jail by the judge

A

Fue enviado(a) a la cárcel por el juez

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7
Q

We were sent to jail by the judge

A

Fuimos enviados(as) a la cárcel por el juez

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8
Q

They were sent to jail by the judge

A

Fueron enviados(as) a la cárcel por el juez

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9
Q

You (pl.) were sent to jail by the judge

A

Ustedes fueron enviados(as) a la cárcel por el juez

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10
Q

They will be sent to jail by the judge

A

Serán enviados(as) a la cárcel por el juez

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11
Q

They have been sent to jail by the judge

A

Han sido enviados(as) a la cárcel por el juez

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12
Q

You should have been sent to the jail by the judge

A

Deberías haber sido enviado(a) a la cárcel por el juez

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13
Q

I was sent to jail by the judge

A

Fui enviado(a) a la cárcel por el juez

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14
Q

She should have been sent to the jail by the judge

A

Debería haber sido enviada a la cárcel por el juez.

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15
Q

You were sent to jail by the judge

A

Fuiste enviado(a) a la cárcel por el juez

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16
Q

The suspect was interrogated by the police

avoiding passive

A

La policía interrogó al sospechoso.

17
Q

He was given a book by his mother.

avoiding passive

A

Su madre le regaló un libro.

18
Q

Too many adverts are shown on television.

avoiding passive

A

Ponen demasiados anuncios en la televisión.

19
Q

They’re made in Spain.

avoiding passive

A

Se fabrican en España.

20
Q

It’s made by hand.

avoiding passive

A

Se hace a mano.

21
Q

The house was built in 1956.

avoiding passive

A

La casa se construyó en 1956.

22
Q

All the books have been sold.

avoiding passive

A

Todos los libros se han vendido.

23
Q

It is thought he will die.

avoiding passive

A

Se cree que va a morir.

24
Q

Coffee is sold here.

avoiding passive

A

Aquí se vende café.

25
Q

How is a passive sentence formed in the progressive tense?

A

Estar (conjugated) + siendo + participle

26
Q

The dog is observing the cat

→ The cat is being observed by the dog

A

El perro está observando al gato

→ El gato está siendo observado por el perro.

27
Q

The cat was being observed by the dog.

A

El gato estaba siendo observado por el perro.

28
Q

She has been sent to jail by the judge

A

Ha sido enviada a la cárcel por el juez

29
Q

They had been sent to jail by the judge

A

Habían sido enviados a la cárcel por el juez

30
Q

We will have been sent to jail by the judge

A

Habremos sido enviados a la cárcel por el juez

31
Q

They have been sent to jail by the judge

A

Han sido enviados a la cárcel por el juez

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