The Participant as an Individual Flashcards
What does the term ‘inclusion’ mean?
That no one should experience barriers to learning as a result of their disability, heritage, gender, special educational need, ethnicity, social group, sexual orientation, race or culture.
Give an example of how a sport has been adapted for disabled athletes.
- Wheelchair basketball. Hoop height is the same but rules have been adapted.
- Football for the blind. Ball-bearings within the ball so that it is audible and its movement can be tracked.
- Blind runners have able-bodied runners who run next to them to guide them down the track.
What is flexibility?
The range of movement around a joint
How must new facilities cater for the disabled?
Access- doorways wide enough for wheel chair access, and ramps must be provided.
Parking- disabled bays.
Provision- lifts, disabled toilets, and specific activities/clubs suitable for disabled participants.
Explain the term ‘peak’
At your very best.
Women have less __________ ___________ than men so they tend to be far more _____________.
muscle mass
flexible
What is the definition of power?
The combination of speed and strength.
What does physiology mean?
The functions and processes of the human body
This is when you are at your very best
peak
List 3 effects that age has on the body during the teenage years
Increase in size
Increase muscle mass
Oxygen capacity increases
List 3 effects of ageing on performance for the middle aged athlete
Flexibility decreases
Cardiovascular endurance decreases
More prone to and longer recovery from injuries
Skill level increases
Describe how 2 sports are modified so that they are safe for young athletes to perform
Rubgy- Tag rugby- no contact, smaller pitch, less players on pitch, smaller ball, age groupings
Football- 7or9 a side, smaller pitch, smaller goals, age groupings
Men generally reach their peak in their
20s
List the 4 types of disability
Physical
Mental
Permanent
Temporary
Explain how wheelchair basketball is adapted for inclusion?
Hoop and court dimensions are NOT changed
Rules are adapted- such as travelling
How is football adapted for inclusion?
7 a side
Bell in the ball
All players are blindfolded (except goalkeeper)
Give an example of a sport that has been developed specifically for inclusion
Goal ball
How is sprinting adapted for inclusion?
Disability classifications (including specific wheelchair classifications) Guide runners
Name 4 physiological differences between men and women
Men tend to be bigger than women
Men tend to have bigger hearts and lungs
Men tend to have greater muscle mass
Women tend to have a higher level of body fat
Women reach physical maturity earlier than men
True or false
Men are generally more flexible than women
False
Describe 3 effects that the physiological differences between men and women have on performance
Men tend to have greater cardiovascular endurance
Men tend to have greater explosive strength
Women tend to have greater flexibility
What does culture mean?
The ideas, customs and social behaviours of a particular group in society
Give an example of how religion can affect performance in football
A Muslim may fast during Ramadan, leading to a lack of energy to train or compete at their peak
Give an example of how culture can affect participation in cricket
Somebody from an Australian background may be more likely to participate in cricket because it is a popular sport in that country, as it was introduced through colonisation
Body composition is:
The percentage of your body weight that is made up of fat, bone and muscle
List the 3 somatotypes
endomorph
mesomorph
ectomorph
Why would an ectomorph be suited to cross country running?
Light
Less weight to carry
More efficient
Which position in rugby would be most suited to an endomorph?
A forward
List the 5 environmental factors that can affect participation and performance
Weather Terrain Pollution Altitude Humidity
How could weather affect participation in cricket?
If it rains, it is unsafe to play and play has to stop
What is the difference between risk assessment, risk control and safeguards? Give an example for each for football
RA- identifying the hazards of an activity
(player cut by a sharp stud)
RC- what you do to prevent the hazards from occurring
(referee checks boots before the game)
S- what you have in place in case of an emergency
(mobile phone, first aid kit)
Using an example, explain what is meant by the term challenging activity?
A activity that is physically or mentally demanding, often with an element of risk or danger. Eg rock climbing could result in injury and requires high levels of strength and courage
What makes an activity competitive?
Play to a set of rules
Organised and structured
Often train to improve performance
Take the activity seriously
Activities that are less serious and structured, played for enjoyment are known as
Recreation
Why would a professional sportsperson need more exercise than an amateur?
Need to train more often to improve fitness and skill levels to be successful.
List the 3 training seasons
Pre season
Peak season
Post season
Periodisation is
The parts of a training programme
Give an example of how a lack of funds could restrict someones participation in tennis
No money to buy a racket or balls, hire a court or make their way to or from a venue
