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Ancient History Year 2 Greece > The Parthenon > Flashcards

The Parthenon Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Parthenon dedicated to?

A

Athena Parthenos, or ‘Athena the maiden’

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2
Q

What is a peripteral temple?

A

A temple with a colonnade of columns surrounding an inner room (naos) on all four sides

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3
Q

How many columns does the Parthenon have?

A

Eight by seventeen columns

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4
Q

What materials were used to construct the Parthenon?

A

Solid marble from Mount Pentelicus in Attica

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5
Q

What are the two key spaces for sculpture in a Doric temple?

A

Pediment and metopes

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6
Q

What is a metope?

A

The square spaces above the gaps between the columns of the temple

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7
Q

What themes do the metopes of the Parthenon depict?

A
  • The sack of Troy
  • The fight between the centaurs and the lapiths
  • The attempt by the giants to take over Olympus
  • The fight against the Amazons
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8
Q

What common narrative is found in the themes of the Parthenon metopes?

A

The attempt by an alien uncivilised force to interrupt the civilized world

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9
Q

What does the eastern pediment of the Parthenon depict?

A

The unusual birth of Athena

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10
Q

What did Poseidon offer to the Athenians in the western pediment?

A

A salt-water spring

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11
Q

What did Athena offer to the Athenians in the western pediment?

A

An olive-tree

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12
Q

What significant feature does the Parthenon’s inner continuous frieze depict?

A

The Panathenaic procession

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13
Q

How tall was the statue of Athena Parthenos in the naos?

A

Approximately 12m tall

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14
Q

What materials were used for the statue of Athena Parthenos?

A

Gold for clothing and ivory for skin

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15
Q

True or False: The Parthenon was built from limestone and coated with stucco.

A

False

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16
Q

Fill in the blank: The Parthenon has a _______ of columns that creates a visual illusion.

A

slight curvature

17
Q

What is the significance of the themes depicted in the Parthenon metopes?

A

They resonate with Athenian self-definition against perceived barbarism

18
Q

What does Pausanias describe regarding the pediments of the Parthenon?

A

The birth of Athena and the quarrel of Poseidon with Athena over the land

19
Q

What is depicted on the west side of the frieze?

A

Horsemen preparing for the procession

20
Q

How many horsemen are claimed to be represented in the frieze?

A

192 horsemen

21
Q

What was the relationship between Zeus and Metis in the myth of Athena’s birth?

A

Zeus ate Metis, who was pregnant with Athena

Ancient History Year 2 Greece (20 decks)

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