The outbreak of the First World War, 1914

Question 1

how the assassination at Sarajevo lead to war on 1914

Answer 1

1914 -> Balkans become a place of jealousy and hatred
A-H annex Bosnia + Herzegovina -> anti-austrian feeling
Serbia became a leading power in the Balkans after 2 balkan wars -> A-H alarmed
assassination -> the great war

Question 2

The Sarajevo assassination date

Answer 2

1914

Question 3

The Sarajevo assassination

Answer 3

Archduke Francis Ferdinand (heir to throne of Austria-Hungary) -> visit Sarajevo (capital of bosnia)
28th June 1914 (national day in Serbia) -> murdered by member of the Black Hand (Serbian nationalist society)

A-H had the excuse needed to attack Serbia
1. claim assassination plot was planned in serbia -> A-H accused Serbian Gov of knowing the plot but not stopping it
(leader of black hand -> charge of serbian army)
2. even Russian Gov knew about plan

Russia support Serbia
A-H find Germany
-> 6th July promised to give unconditional support -> “blank cheque”
-> boosted A-H confidence to engage in open confrontation with Serbia

23rd July -> A-H sent Serbia an ultimatum with 3 demands
1. Serbia was to suppress all anti-Austrian societies
2. Serbia was to dismiss all officials A-H objected to
3. officials of A-H were to enter Serbia to suppress anti-Austrian activities and to carry out investigations of the Sarajevo assassination

Serbia accept first 2, rejected 3rd -> A-H wanted to crush Serbia

Question 4

the ultimatum to World War I

Answer 4

23rd July -> A-H sent Serbia an ultimatum with 3 demands
1. Serbia was to suppress all anti-Austrian societies
2. Serbia was to dismiss all officials A-H objected to
3. officials of A-H were to enter Serbia to suppress anti-Austrian activities and to carry out investigations of the Sarajevo assassination

Serbia accept first 2, rejected 3rd -> A-H wanted to crush Serbia

Question 5

A-H’s excuse to attack Serbia

Answer 5

A-H had the excuse needed to attack Serbia
1. claim assassination plot was planned in serbia -> A-H accused Serbian Gov of knowing the plot but not stopping it
(leader of black hand -> charge of serbian army)
2. even Russian Gov knew about plan

Question 6

June 28, 1914

Answer 6

Sarajevo Assassination
Bosnian student assassinated Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary -> A-H angry

Question 7

Sarajevo Assassination

Answer 7

June 28th, 1914

Question 8

Austro-Hungarian ultimatum to Serbia date

Answer 8

July 23rd, 1914

Question 9

July 23rd, 1914

Answer 9

Austro-Hungarian ultimatum to Serbia
Serbia was sure of Russian support -> rejected last demand in the ultimatum

Question 10

July 28th, 1914

Answer 10

Austro-Hungarian declaration of war
Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia

Question 11

Austro-Hungarian declaration of war

Answer 11

July 28th, 1914

Question 12

Russian Mobilisation

Answer 12

July 30th, 1914

Question 13

July 30th, 1914

Answer 13

Russian mobilisation
In support of Serbia, Russia announced military mobilisation

Question 14

German Ultimatum to Russia

Answer 14

31st July, 1914

Question 15

31st July, 1914

Answer 15

German Ultimatum to Russia
Russian military mobilisation alarmed Germany -> sent ultimatum to Russia demanding demobilisation of Russian troops
-> refusal

Question 16

German declaration of war on Russia

Answer 16

1st August, 1914

Question 17

1st August, 1914

Answer 17

German declaration of war on Russia
Germany declared war on Russia -> France ordered mobilisation of own army to support Russia

Question 18

German declaration of war on Russia

Answer 18

1st August 1914

Question 19

3rd August 1914

Answer 19

German declaration of war on France
Germany declared war on France -> next day german troops invaded France through Belgium

Question 20

German declaration of war on France

Answer 20

3rd August 1914

Question 21

4th August 1914

Answer 21

Britain joined the war
German invasion -> violation of Belgian neutrality -> Britain saw it as a threat to national security -> declare war on Germany

Question 22

Britain joined the war

Answer 22

August 4th, 1914

Question 23

From a local conflict to a great war, 1914

Answer 23

28 June
Sarajevo assassination -> A-H angry at Serbia (thought serbia was behind sarajevo assassination)

23 July
Austro-Hungarian ultimatum to Serbia -> Serbia reject

28 July
Austro-Hungarian declaration of war on Serbia

30th July
Russia support serbia -> Russian Mobilisation

31st July
Germany fear Russian mobilisation -> German ultimatum to Russia demanding demobilisation of troops -> refusal

1st August
Germany declare war on Russia -> France ordered mobilisation of troops to support Russia

3rd August
Germany declare war on France -> invaded france through Belgium next day

4th August
Britain joined war + declare war on Germany (german invasion was a violation of Belgian neutrality -> Britain see as threat to national security)

Question 24

1914 sides

Answer 24

1. A-H VS Serbia (thought serbia was behind sarajevo assassination)
2. Russia (defends Serbia, mobilising military, threat to ger)
3. Germany feels threatened, declares war on Russia
4. France defend Russia, mobilises troops
5. Germany declares war on France, invading and violating Belgian neutrality
6. Britain finds it a threat to national security, declares war on Germany

Triple alliance (except Italy) VS Triple Entente