The impact of the Paris Peace Conference on the international order Flashcards
Founding the League of Nations to promote world peace
peacemakers -> create security in EU by weakening Germany
created new states in the Baltics + Eastern Europe -> keep in check Russian ideas for expansion
League of Nations -> peacekeeping body
chief aims -> promote:
1. world peace
2. social + economic well-being of its member states
progress -> settling disputes among small countries + limitations of armaments
effectiveness of founding the League of Nations to promote world peace
not very effective
1. Germany + Russia (2 major powers) excluded
2. US (also major power) refused to join + resumed isolationist policy
lack support + military backing of these major power -> league achieve little
advocating self-determination + redrawing map of Europe
principle of self-determination -> redrawing map of Europe
1. Poland -> independent state
2. Yugoslavia + Czechoslovakia created
former russian provinces:
1. Finland
2. Estonia
3. Latvia
4. Lithuania
independence
effectiveness of advocating self-determination + redrawing map of Europe
new states created in Eastern Europe
interests of some minority groups -> continued to be ignored
self-determination -> not applied to all national minorities equally
-» racial troubles
Resentment against the peace settlements and the rise of totalitarianism
bad feelings among developed countries -> no discussion between the victorious + defeated countries at the peace conference
defeated: hey the terms were entirely dictated by the victors
Germany: treaty terms are unbearable!
wave of resentment in Germany -> people eager for strong leader in protest against the peace settlements
-» hitler (totalitarian dictator)
Italy attended PPC as one of the victors -> “big three” dominated decision-making process -> little land than desired
people accused her of showing weakness at PPC -> allow Big Three to bully her
strong Mussolini (totalitarian) rose to power -> gain support from the majority of the Italians
Mussolini + Hitler expansionist policies -> international order under serious threat + WW2
Resentment against the peace settlements and the rise of totalitarianism in Germany
defeated: hey the terms were entirely dictated by the victors
Germany: treaty terms are unbearable!
wave of resentment in Germany -> people eager for strong leader in protest against the peace settlements
-» hitler (totalitarian dictator)
Resentment against the peace settlements and the rise of totalitarianism in Italy
Italy attended PPC as one of the victors -> “big three” dominated decision-making process -> little land than desired
people accused her of showing weakness at PPC -> allow Big Three to bully her
strong Mussolini (totalitarian) rose to power -> gain support from the majority of the Italians
The relationship between the Paris Peace Conference and the two world wars
Paris Peace Settlement -> no lasting peace to Europe
1939 -> WW2 -> greater destruction
1919-1939 = inter-war years
inter-war years
1919-1939
Underlying causes of WW2
- germany + italy unwilling to accept harsh treaty terms + ready to seek treaty revision
harsh treaty terms -> great resentment among the germans + heavy war reparations made it difficult for Germany to re-establish economic + political stability
rise of totalitarian dictatorship in Italy + Germany in 1920s-30s
international attempts to keep peace in Europe -> failed due to lack of genuine cooperation among the powers -> WW2
Paris Peace Conference -> Second World War
impact of PPC ->
1. Dissatisfaction in Italy about the insufficient gains from the PPC
2. Resentment in Germany over PPS (paris peace settlement)
-> demand for a strong government -> rise of totalitarianism (Fascism in Italy + Nazism in Germany) -> Expansionist actions of the totalitarianism states in the inter-war period -> WW2
WW1-WW2 Timeline
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