The Neurologic Examination, Radiologic and Other Diagnostic Studies Flashcards
Which cranial nerves are involved in eye MOVEMENT?
A) Cranial nerves II, III, IV, and VI
B) Cranial nerves III, IV, and VI
C) Cranial nerves VIII, IX, and X
D) Cranial nerves II and III
B) Cranial Nerves III, IV, and VI
Field cuts occurring within the temporal visual hemifield of each eye suggests ____?
A) A lesion of the optic chiasm
B) Bilateral temporal lobe lesions
C) Bilateral retinal detachment
D) An implausible visual defect
A) A lesion of the optic chiasm
A fixed and dilated (‘blown’) pupil is typically associated with dysfunction or injury to which cranial nerve?
A) II
B) III
C) IV
D) IV
B) III
The trigeminal nerve is involved in ___.
A) Only sensory functions of the face and jaw
B) Only motor functions of the face and jaw
C) Both sensory and motor functions of the face and jaw
D) Neither sensory nor motor functions of the face and jaw
C) Both sensory and motor functions of the face and jaw
When performing the Dix-Hallpike maneuver, elicitation of vertigo and nystagmus suggests ____ dysfunction that is _____ to the side of the downward ear.
A) Occulomotor; ipsilateral
B) Vestibular; contralateral
C) Vestibular; ipsilateral
D) Occulomotor; contralateral
C) Vestibular; ipsilateral
Which pairs of these nerves are tested together when eliciting a gag reflex?
A) Cranial nerves V and VI
B) Cranial nerves IX and X
C) Cranial nerves VII and X
D) Cranial nerves VII and IX
B) Cranial nerves IX and X
A patient presents with decreased shoulder shrug on the left and an inability to resist pressure from an examiner’s hand against the right jaw. These findings could suggest ____.
A) Left spinal accessory nerve XI dysfunction
B) Right spinal accessory nerve XI dysfunction
C) Bilateral spinal accessory nerve XI dysfunction
D) Feigned neurological impairment
A) Left spinal accessory nerve XI dysfunction
When asked to stand with feet together and arms held palms up and extended at shoulder level, a patient is unable to maintain the position and her left arm slowly turns toward a palm-down position. She is exhibiting a ____, which suggests ____ dysfunction.
A) Hoffmann reflex; contralateral pyramidal tract
B) Rhomberg sign; ipsilateral cerebellar
C) Pronator drift; contralateral pyramidal tract
D) Wartenberg sign; ipsilateral cerebellar
C) Pronator drift; contralateral pyramidal tract
Impairment in the ability to perform alternating hand movements is referred to as ____ and suggests cerebellar dysfunction ____ to the more effected side.
A) dysmetria; ipsilateral
B) dysdiadochokinesis; ipsilateral
C) dysmetria; contralateral
D) dysdiadochokinesis; contralateral
B) dysdiadochokinesis; ipsilateral
Which of the following does NOT involve patient exposure to ionizing radiation?
A) Computed tomography
B) Magnetic resonant imaging
C) Single photon emission tomography
D) Positron emission tomography
B) Magnetic resonant imaging
Which imaging technique is most likely to be used in cases of acute head trauma?
A) Magnetic resonance imaging
B) Single photon emission tomography
C) Computed tomography
D) Diffusion tensor imaging
C) Computed tomography
The primary dependent variable that is measured using diffusion tensor imaging is ____.
A) Diffuse axonal injury (DAI)
B) Blood oxygen level dependent response (BOLD)
C) Cerebral metabolic rate of glucose metabolism (CMRGlu)
D) Fractional anisotropy (FA)
D) Fractional anistoropy
Which of the following is accurate about the radioisotope used in neuroimaging technologies such as SPECT and PET?
A) They are absorbed by glia and provide an indirect index of regional activity
B) They are absorbed by neurons and provide a direct index of neural activity
C) They remain in the blood stream and provide an indirect index of neural activity
D) They cross the blood brain barrier and provide an indirect index of regional activity
A) They are absorbed by glia and provide an indirect index of regional activity
Electroencephalographic alpha activity is ____ during relaxation, and ____ during mental activity.
A) decreased; increased
B) increased; disappears
C) never present; increased
D) none of the above; it is only present during sleep
B) increased; disappears
The EEG signal represents ____.
A) real-time activity of individual neurons
B) the summation of activity from thousands to millions of neurons
C) normal background activity and epileptiform spikes
D) activity from only those neurons immediately beneath each electrode
B) the summation of activity from thousands to millions of neurons
