Learning Disabilities

Question 1

The most prevalent learning disability is ____.

A) Mathematics Disability
B) Reading Disability
C) Written Language Disability
D) Non-Verbal Learning Disability

Answer 1

B) Reading Disability

Question 2

You are seeing a child for an evaluation of dyslexia. The most important areas for assessment are phonological awareness, decoding, and ____.

A) Single-word reading, and Spelling
B) Visual Scanning, and Spelling
C) Reading Comprehension, and Spelling
D) Single-word Reading, and Reading Letters in Their Proper Orientation and Order

Answer 2

A) Single-word reading, and Spelling

Question 3

You are evaluating an employed adult who believes that he has a learning disability. Obtaining a detailed history from this adult ____.

A) is crucial for establishing the developmental onset of the these disorders, in combination with information on current functioning
B) is desirable, although a definitive diagnosis may be made on the basis of current functioning
C) should be supplemented with academic records whenever possible and combined with information on current functioning
D) is not helpful without looking at records and obtaining a current evaluation of the adults skills

Answer 3

C) should be supplemented with academic records whenever possible and combined with information on current functioning

Question 4

Evidence based intervention for learning disabilities is best established for ____.

A) Written language disabilities
B) Non-verbal learning disabilities
C) Mathematics Disabilities
D) Reading Disabilities

Answer 4

D) Reading Disabilities

Question 5

When evaluating a child for a learning disability who has not shown progress with standard instruction, which model has the best research support for diagnosis?

A) Aptitude/Achievement Discrepancy Model
B) Intra-Individual Differences Model
C) Low-Achievement Model
D) Response to Intervention Model

Answer 5

C) Low-Achievement Model

Question 6

You are evaluating a college student who wants to apply for accommodations on the law school admission test (LSAT). He was diagnosed with a reading disability in 2nd grade, had early intervention, and has had accommodations throughout his schooling. You want to be sure that your assessment conforms to the documentation guidelines. On which website should you look for the most current guidelines?

A) National Joint Committee on Learning Disabilities
B) Association on Higher Education and Disability
C) Educational Testing Service
D) Law School Admission Council

Answer 6

D) Law School Admission Council

Question 7

Although some researchers and clinicians believe there is usefulness in diagnosing ____, there is disagreement over whether it exists as a separate learning disability.

A) non-verbal learning disability
B) written language disability
C) reading disability
D) mathematics disability

Answer 7

A) non-verbal learning disability

Question 8

A college student with a history of a written language disorder and accommodations disorder for that is asking for use of a computer on writing tests. You would like to do a streamlined evaluation to document his need for accommodations. What skills will be most important to assess?

A) Visuospatial skills, organizational abilities, and spoken language comprehension
B) Handwriting speed, visuospatial skills, and visual learning and memory
C) Spelling, handwriting quality and speed, and vocabulary
D) Visuospatial skills, spoken language skills, and attention

Answer 8

C) Spelling, handwriting quality and speed, and vocabulary

Question 9

You are seeing a college student who is having difficulty with pre-calculus in college. This is the first time that he has struggled in math. He has never been diagnosed with a mathematics disability and earned A’s and B’s in math through high school. The most important question to answer when taking a history is whether ____.

A) He has had proper instruction in math and has built a foundation for his current college class
B) The new demands of the math class are causing undue anxiety
C) He might need to drop out and take a prerequisite for this class
D) He is experiencing another source of stress in his life that could be causing difficulty in this class

Answer 9

A) He has had proper instruction in math and has built a foundation for his current college class

Question 10

You have evaluated an 18 year old college freshman who has never been diagnosed with a learning disability and has never had formal academic support. However, review of her history, academic records, and standardized test scores are consistent with a reading disability. Which of the following would be the most appropriate recommendations for this student?

A) Work with a reading specialist and 50% additional time on tests
B) Vision therapy and the opportunity to take exams orally
C) 50% additional time on tests and additional breaks during the test
D) Irline lenses to use when reading her text books and 100% extended time on tests

Answer 10

A) Work with a reading specialist and 50% additional time on tests

Question 11

The double-deficit model of reading posits that deficits in which two skills are associated with persistent and severe reading disabilities?

A) pseudoword decoding and reading of real words
B) Phonological awareness and verbal working memory
C) Rapid automatized naming and phonological awareness
D) single word reading and reading comprehension

Answer 11

C) Rapid automatized naming and phonological awareness