Test Administration, Interpretation, and Issues in Assessment Questions Flashcards
Neuropsychological assessment is broadly defined as ___.
A) The application of standardized testing techniques to understand and measure underlying brain-behavior relationships
B) Measuring the impact of psychological adjustment on people with neurologic disease
C) Nonimaging-based assessment of structural or evolving lesions of the CNS
D) The assessment of the impact of CNS factors in psychological functioning
A) The application of standardized testing techniques to understand and measure underlying brain-behavior relationships
In a deficit measurement model of neuropsychology assessment, a person’s performance on a test can be evaluated relative to some external standard. Evaluation of a person’s performance relative to a population or sample is called ____.
A) Incremental deficit standard
B) Normative comparison standard
C) Individual comparison standard
D) Standard individual measurement
B) Normative comparison standard
Estimating premorbid functioning based on educational and occupational history is an example of ____.
A) Actuarial estimation of premorbid functioning
B) Current performance method of estimating premorbid functioning
C) Best performance method of estimating premorbid functioning
D) Demographic method of estimating premorbid functioning
D) Demographic method of estimating premorbid functioning
Parametric statistics rely on the assumed validity of the central limit theorem, which states that the attribute being assessed is normally distributed in the population and/or normative sample such that the distribution approximates a normal curve. Which type of data violates this assumptions?
A) Ordinal data
B) Interval data
C) Ratio data
D) Continuous variables
A) Ordinal data
Minimum test requirements for psychological and neuropsychological tests require sufficient reliability and validity. Although many types of reliability and validity have been described to evaluate the performance of a test, a basic understanding regarding the relationship between the concepts of reliability and validity is characterized as ____.
A) Reliability is more important than validity
B) A test with good validity can have poor reliability
C) A test must have reliability to have validity
D) Validity is more important than reliability
C) A test must have reliability to have validity
Positive predictive value (PPV) is defined as the ____.
A) True positives divided by (True Positives+False Positives)
B) Percentage of true positives that can be reliably identified by a test
C) Absolute number of true positives out of all cases tested
D) Absolute number of true positives and true negatives in all cases combined
A) True positives divided by (True Positives+False Positives)
Iverson and Brookes (2011) identified the base rate at which low scores (defined as less than the 5th percentile) occur in the health normative population for the neuropsychological assessment battery (NAB), Extended Halstead-Reitan neuropsychological battery
(E-HRNB), Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - III/Wechsler Memory scale - III (WAIS-III/WMS-III). This research identified such low performances occurring on two or more subtests within each battery at what rate?
A) Frequently (48.5-28% of the time in the normal group)
B) Sometimes (15.2-10.4% of the time in the normal group
C) Infrequently (5.0% of the time in the normal group)
D) Rarely (<1% of the time in the normal group)
A) Frequently (48.5-28% of the time in the normal group)
The statistical probability of an observed difference between test scores, either within scales of a test or across different tests, is determined by relative rarity of a difference in scores based on the central limit theorem, and is related to the test(s) reliability and standard error of measurement. This statistical difference is based on the assumption of ____.
A) Heterogeneity of variance between the tests
B) Homogeneity of variance between tests
C) A minimal correlation between the scales or tests
D) The ability to reject the null hypothesis
B) Homogeneity of variance between tests
Both statistical performance and base rates in test performance are effected by all the following moderator variables, except ____.
A) Age
B) Education
C) Race
D) Religion
D) Religion
The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - IV (WAIS-IV) has index scores with a mean of 100 and a SD of 15 points. The minimum difference required for statistical significance (p < .05) between the Verbal Comprehension Index (VCI) and Perceptual Reasoning Index (PRI) is about ____, whereas the difference between VCI and PRI index scores observed in 5% or less of the normative sample (cumulative percentage) is about ____.
A) 8-9 points; 15 points
B) 8-9 points; 8-9 points
C) 14-15 points; 8-9 points
D) 8-9 points; 22 points
D) 8-9 points (varies by age group); 22 points
