Domains of Neuropsychological Function and Related Neurobehavioral Disorders Flashcards
Which brain area plays a key role in motivating selective attention toward a salient stimulus?
A) inferior parietal
B) basal forebrain
C) dorsolateral frontal
D) anterior cingulate
D) anterior cingulate
The etiology of amnesia most likely to result in confabulation is a(n):
A) anoxic encephalopothy
B) anterior communicating artery (ACoA) aneurysm
C) surgical ablation of the medial temporal lobe
D) herpes encephalopathy
B) anterior communicating artery (ACoA) aneurysm
Posner and Petersen’s attentional model would predict difficulty with ____ as a result of damage to the ascending reticular activating system (ARAS).
A) alerting
B) detection
C) orienting
D) shifting
A) alerting
Classification of aphasia is based primarily on which three parts of language assessment?
A) fluency, repetition, prosody
B) fluency, comprehension, naming
C) fluency, comprehension, repetition
D) comprehension, naming, repetition
C) fluency, comprehension, repetition
A 63 year-old right-handed woman with hypertension was talking on the phone when suddenly she had difficulty getting words out and could not answer simple questions. She was taken to the hospital; on exam, she was alert and oriented to person and time, but not place. Speech was sparse, halting, labored. She was able to follow three-step commands, and repeated words and sentences with 100% accuracy. Reading was not assessed. Writing was sparse and telegraphic. Naming was 1 of 6. What kind of aphasic syndrome is likely present in this patient?
A) Broca’s aphasia
B) Wernicke’s aphasia
C) trascortical sensory aphasia
D) transcortical motor aphasia
D) transcortical motor aphasia
In the case delivered in question 5, where was the patient’s lesion likely to have been?
A) extrasylvian area
B) Broca’s area
C) Wernicke’s area
D) arcuate fasciculus
A) extrasylvian area
anterior cerebral artery territory
Which of the following is not a symptom of Gerstmann syndrome?
A) agraphia
B) acalculia
C) alexia
D) finger agnosia
C) alexia
A 16 year-old girl is evaluated in rehabilitation following a ruptured aneurysm. She is unable to follow commands, repeat, or name objects, but very matter of frankly states, “I wan ba frink clink in da damn.” The most likely diagnosis is ____:
A) Broca’s Aphasia
B) conduction Aphasia
C) anomic aphasia
D) Wernicke’s aphasia
D) Wernicke’s aphasia
Intact spatial abilities but disturbed recognition of objects implies disruption in the ____ pathway.
A) dorsal
B) mesial
C) ventral
D) rostral
C) ventral
Which of the following is the loss of the ability to plan and execute complex gestures?
A) ideomotor apraxia
B) ideational apraxia
C) constructional apraxia
D) buccofacial apraxia
B) ideational apraxia
Which of the following might you see with damage to the dorsolateral frontal lobe?
A) emotional lability
B) Witzelsucht
C) abulia
D) lack of empathy
C) abulia
Memory of who you stayed with at your conference last month would be an example of ____ memory.
A) semantic
B) episodic
C) procedural
D) remote
B) episodic
A 5 year-old boy demonstrates delayed language, parallel play, and obsession with electrical outlets, but can recite the day of the week of any date. He most likely demonstrates:
A) aphasia
B) obsessive compulsive disorder
C) sevantism
D) schizophrenia
C) sevantism
You are called to evaluate and inpatient with a history of alcohol abuse who has tried to escape his assisted living facility by climbing a tree two days ago. On admission, his toxicology screen was negative. Testing indicated poor orientation and attention, fair memory, and poor reasoning. Your tentative diagnosis is ____.
A) Korsakoff’s dementia
B) retrograde
C) delirium
D) transient ischemic attack
C) delirium
The inability to recall events prior to an accident/illness or event is ____ amnesia.
A) anterograde
B) retrograde
C) global
D) psychogenic
B) retrograde
