Important Theories and Constructs Flashcards
Which Brain zone is commonly viewed as a domain-general processor?
A) pericallosal region
B) temporal lobes
C) parietal lobes
D) prefrontal region
D) Prefrontal Region
Cerebral reserve theory began with what observation?
A) Some patients with Alzheimer brain changes did not show dementia when living
B) Brain dendrite counts during adolescence predicted reading levels in older adulthood
C) Persons with higher gray to white matter ratios recover more quickly from brain injuries
D) Males have larger brain than females and recover more quickly from stroke of equal Severity
A) Some patients with Alzheimer brain changes did not show dementia when living
Which of the following BOTH refer to executive control processes?
A) updating and phonological looping
B) facial recognition and expression
C) Contextual shifting and updating
D) grammatical and lexical access
C) Contextual shifting and updating
A patient can both name and match-to-sample a visually presented object. She cannot remember where in a 3x3 spatial array the object was located. According to “Top-Bottom” theory, lesion is likely somewhere in the ___.
A) forceps major
B) dorsal stream
C) ventral stream
D) forceps minor
B) dorsal stream
Which of the following dichotomies has NOT been used to describe right-left cerebral lateralization?
A) emotional-pedantic
B) Nonverbal-verbal
C) metric-categorical
D) global-local
A) emotional-pedantic
Whose name is associated with split-brain research?
A) Nelson Butters
B) Michael Gazzaniga
C) Laird Cermak
D) Edith Kaplan
B) Michael Gazzaniga
On what Task can patients with substance-induced amnesia (Formerly Korsakoff amnesia) demonstrate learning?
A) spatial-location
B) facial recognition
C) pursuit-rotor
D) verbal list learning
C) pursuit-rotor
If alive, Kurt Goldstein would agree most with which principle?
A) equipotentiality of brain tissue
B) brain modularity
C) left dominance for language
D) ventral brain object recognition
A) equipotentiality of brain tissue
Why was the term “dominant hemisphere” dropped as a descriptor of left-brain functions?
A) the specializations of the right hemisphere were fully appreciated
B) the right hemisphere is equally efficient in inferential aspects of speech
C) “dominant” was considered a pejorative term; too sexist and elitist
D) left lesions proved less disruptive of daily functions than right ones.
A) the specializations of the right hemisphere were fully appreciated
What sign is likely due to a disconnection rather than direct damage to a module?
A) constructional dyspraxia
B) any transcortical aphasia
C) specific type of agnosia
D) modality specific anomia
D) modality specific anomia
