the need and pressure for further reform

Question 1

Charles Booth

Answer 1

paid investigators to look at poverty in the  working class inc. income, spending habits and lifestyle. Findings published in 'Life and Labour of the people in London'
31 % lived under the poverty line - when the government claimed it was only 25 % this was because of poor wages not laziness

Question 2

Seebohm Rowntree

Answer 2

Wanted to find out if booths findings were true everywhere including York where he lived. Gathered facts about poverty in York. 28% under poverty line, 10% couldn’t afford basic standards of living. 18% were just above the poverty line. also predicted when people would go into poverty

Question 3

John Galt

Answer 3

took photographs of slums and workhouses

Question 4

conclusions of rowntree, galt, and booth

Answer 4

poverty was not the fault of the poor or laziness but of low wages, bad living conditions, irregular work and lack of provision for the elderly

Question 5

the boer war

Answer 5

1899 -1902
at least half of the population of men were unfit for military service, government realised they had to do something and pass laws to improve their situation

Question 6

german competition

Answer 6

Germany grew and socially/economically developed in the years coming up to ww1. they had welfare reforms. the growing threat from germany meant some thought (churchill for example) that germany would overtake them economically. Unless the health of the British workers was improved.