medieval (the middle/dark ages) and the Arab world

Question 1

describe the regress made from the Roman times and the middle ages?

Answer 1

• Lots of knowledge was lost

- most people didn’t know how to read or write

Question 2

describe the conditions for people living in England in the middle ages.

Answer 2

Most people had diets lacking in vitamin meaning they were prone to disease, the housing conditions were terrible with one room for a family (dark, damp) no running water of toilets. The work was all manual labour in fields. Plagues were a big problem especially from animals

Question 3

what was the church like and its powers?

Answer 3

The church survived.
God cured the sick and doctors only cared for them
Monasteries looked after the sick
The works of galen were widely published by the church and barely anyone questioned them, if they did they would be imprisoned
Experiments were banned and Galen’s mistakes weren’t found

Question 4

the middle ages in Britain ( 4 details)

Answer 4

• Northern Europe was pagan due to Vikings invasion
• Lack of public health system
• Lots of fighting between tribes

Question 5

what treatments DID the anglo saxons actually know???

Answer 5

willow leaves as a painkiller, rubbing onion and garlic into cuts and wounds

Question 6

The medieval Arabs, what did they do to aid medicine from the Romans?

Answer 6

• Many Greek medical texts were pre served by the Islamic empire
• Texts were translated into Arabic
• Had medical schools
• Had piped water, public baths and hospitals

Question 7

what was alchemy and how did it help?

Answer 7

The Arabs studied alchemy (looking for the elixir of eternal life and turning normal metals into gold) which was supernatural but led to the discovery of distillation techniques and sublimation

Question 8

what was public health like in medieval towns?

Answer 8

stalls with fresh meat were left outside, people washed in the rivers which were extremely dirty, people threw faeces out the windows and into the river, no toilets.

Question 9

what was done to improve public health?

Answer 9

Gong farmers were employed to pick up faeces in 1372 you could be fined if you had filth outside your house and you were banned from throwing things out the window

Question 10

what were doctors like in the 1300’s?

Answer 10

treatments, examining urine, faeces, and blood. Taking your pulse and looking at your tongue. They still use leeching, bleeding, purging and laxatives from the 4 humours. On the other hand apothecaries used herbal treatments which were effective

Question 11

Describe surgery?

Answer 11

no anaesthetic or antiseptic
surgeons weren’t respected
it was very simple
dissection came back around in the 1300’s

Question 12

what did people think where some of the causes of the black death?

Answer 12

• flagellants thought it was a punishment from god and went around whipping themselves
• the planets
• foul air
• nobility or Jews, scapegoating
• the end of the world (armageddon)

Question 13

the symptoms of the two plages?

Answer 13

Bubonic: buboes, fever, rash, black and red spots. Spread by rats
Pneumonic: coughing blood, attacked the lungs. Spread by infected air

Question 14

what was a plage doctor like?

Answer 14

wore glass beaks/nose with strong smelling perfume, herbs or flowers, long leather gloves for when hanlding sick and leather coat, stick for prodding victims, fully covered legs.

Question 15

How did people try and cure the plage?

Answer 15

• popping buboes,
• drinking vinegar and mercury,
• kill all the cats and dogs,
• kill a toad dry it in the sun and hold it into the boils it will suck out the poison,
• slapping a chickens bottom and strapping it to the buboes.

Question 16

summary of the middle ages ( 3 details)

Answer 16

• the theory of the four humours was still widely accepted, but bad air was also a cause of disease
• simple surgery could be performed but pain, infection and bleeding were problems
• some hospitals and the rich visited traine doctors who belived in galens ideas