The Nazi Rise To Power 1929-33 Flashcards
Describe Great Depression/ how it impacted the Nazis popularity
Wall Street Crash, America asked for its loans to be paid back, economy collapsed
6 million Germans unemployed 1932
Nazi party grew to largest party as they promised ‘Bread and Work’
Crucial factor rise to power
Describe how the Nazis gained support to different people (4)
Made promised to different groups of people
Used propaganda techniques
Hitler appeal as a public speaker
Use of the SA (Brownshirts)
State the support gained from important people for the Nazis
Hitler got support from Hugenburg
Giving him respectability, publicity from cinema news reels and financial backing.
Describe the promises made by the Nazis to different groups
Unemployed- jobs + people suffering from Great Depression ‘Bread and work’
Nationalists- strong Germany + reverse treaty of Versailles
Farmers- good prices
Middle class- law + order, protection from communism, economic stability
Describe Nazi propaganda
Aeroplane travel to campaign in different cities
Effective slogans
Symbols- swastika
Describe Hitlers appeal as a public speaker
Manipulate his audience
Hypnotic effect on crowds
Describe the use of the SA
Hitler private army (Brownshirts)
Protect Nazi meetings
attacked political opponents- communists
People afraid of communists- relieved Nazis took action against them
Describe the political crisis of Early 1930s- how it helped Hitler
Government Unable to deal with economic crisis
Governments resigned and the president ruled using Article 48
political figures including von Papen encouraged the president to use Article 48, as they schemed against each other to gain power
Hitler exploited the situation and became Chancellor with von papen as Vice Chancellor- who thought he could control Hitler
Name the four main changes to the constitution that Hitler made to build up his position
Gained a Majority in the Reichstag
Takes the power to make new Laws- Enabling act
Banned all Opposition
Became Fuhrer
Describe how Hitler gained a majority in the Reichstag
First actions as chancellor- another election, problem- communist party was attracting lost of votes
One week before election the Reichstag caught fire- blamed communists as Dutch communists found in building
4,000 communists arrested
Hitler persuaded President Hindenburg to sign the Reichstag Fire Law- banned communists and socialists from election- Hitler claimed they were plotting a revolution
Support for Nazis increased
44% of votes no majority
Deal with the Catholic Centre Party- look after them (Nazis)
Gained majority needed to change laws
Describe the power taken by Hitler to use Enabling Act- what it meant
Used majority to introduce the Enabling act
Meaning he was allowed to make new laws for four years without approval of Reichstag
Effectively Hitler became a dictator
Describe the opposition that Hitler banned
Trade unions- they might be centres of communist resistance
Law against the Formation of New Parties- banned political parties except Nazis
Germany- one party state
Political prisoners in concentration camps
Describe how Hitler became Fuhrer and the decisions he made to ensure people were loyal to him- Knight of the long knives
Army did not like SA
Leader of SA wanted to incorporate army with SA
Hitler afraid that army would overthrow Nazis to protect themselves
Hitler dealt with SA- seized and shot leaders (Night of the Long Knives)
Hindenburg died Hitler became Fuhrer
Made army take an oath of loyalty to Hitler
State the key events in Hitler’s Rise to power
Became chancellor- make laws to change Germany to a dictatorship
Reichstag fire- blamed communists
Reichstag Fire law- ban communists and socialists from election
Election- 44% of votes no majority
Enabling Act- Hitler can pass laws without consent of Reichstag
Trade unions banned- worker/ communist resistance eliminated
Law against the Formation of New Parties- one party state
Night of the Long Knives- SA leaders killed support of army
Hindenburg dies- Hitler Fuhrer
