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History > Industry- Coalmining > Flashcards

Industry- Coalmining Flashcards

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1
Q

Give reasons for the increased demand for coal…

A
  • Population increase
  • Railways- power for the steam locomotives
  • Steamships fuel
  • Steam powered machinery
  • Iron and steel industries- smelting process
  • Street lights and domestic purposes
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2
Q

Name the different jobs in the mines

A

The hewer

Children- putters (drawers )

Women- bearers

The trapper- the youngest member of the family

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3
Q

State a hewers job and dangers

A

Cut coal

Hot, hard, dangerous, dirty

Rock falls were common

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4
Q

State a putters (drawers ) job and it’s dangers

A

Pulled carts of coal

Done on hand and knees in the dark

Cave ins and falling rocks

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5
Q

State a bearers job and it’s dangers

A

Carry the coal up the shaft on their backs

Tiring and back breaking

Dangerous- could be hit by falling coal for a bearer further up the ladder

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6
Q

State a trappers job and it’s dangers

A

Open and shut door to let bearers and fresh air through

Suffocation or an explosion if they made a mistake

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7
Q

Name the dangers of working in a mine

A

Flooding

Poisonous gases

Moving coal carts

Cave-ins, falling rocks and coal

Dangerous technology

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8
Q

Describe the dangers of flooding in a coal mine

A

When the mines became deeper the water table was reached

Water was pumped out using steam pumps

Or underground springs

Drown or suffocate

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9
Q

Describe the dangers of poisonous gases in mines…

A

Carbon monoxide, colourless + odourless difficult to detect

Suffocate or choke to death

Methane

Flammable

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10
Q

Describe the danger of moving coal carts in a mine…

A

Moving heavy loads of coal carts in the dark

Strike and crush anybody in its path

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11
Q

Describe the dangers of Cave- ins, falling rocks and coal…

A

Weak rock, weak pit props

Mines collapse

Miners crushed or trapped

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12
Q

Describe the dangerous technology used when working in mines…

A

Winding gear, broke- accidents

Buckets of coal- strike workers at the bottom of shaft

Winching rope- snap

Steam and electric coal- produce coal dust- lung disease

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13
Q

Describe the mines act 1842…

A

First mines act

Females and boys under 10 banned for working underground

Minimum age for winding gear- 15

Inspector appointed

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14
Q

Describe the 1855 mines act…

A

Each colliery to to draw up safety rules

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15
Q

Describe the 1860 mines act…

A

Stopped children under 12 going under ground unless they could read and write.

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16
Q

Describe the 1862 mines act…

A

Compulsory for mines to have two exits

17
Q

Describe the 1872 mines act…

A

Compulsory for the mine manager to have a certificate of competency

18
Q

State each thing in the mine that was changed by technology..

A

Mining the coal

Ventilation

Moving the coal underground

Lifting the coal

Pumping out the mines

Safety in the mines

19
Q

Describe how mining the coal was changed by technology

A

Hewers used a pick at first

Then a steam powered coal cutting machine was invented

20
Q

Describe how ventilation was changed by technology…

A

Two shafts were dug out for ventilation and a fire lit at the bottom of one for a draught

Steam powered fans

21
Q

Describe how moving coal underground was changed by technology

A

Children was used

Put ponies and STEAM POWER

22
Q

Describe how lifting coal was changed by technology…

A

Horse + water winding gear lifted coal to the surface

Steam power

Wire used instead of rope

23
Q

Describe how pumping out the mines was changed by technology…

A

Steam powered pumps were used

24
Q

Describe of the safety in the mines was changed by technology

A

Instead of coal pit props

Wood and steel

Instead of candles that could ignite gas and cause explosions

The Davy safety lamp

History (11 decks)

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