The Nazi Party rebuilds, 1924-29 Flashcards
Describe the SOCIALIST ideas contained in Mein Kampf
The wealth of industry and land should benefit German working people, not the landowners and industrialists
Describe the TOTALITARIAN ideas in Mein Kampf
Power should be put in the hands of one leader who could organise everything for the benefit of the people
Describe the ANTISEMITIC ideas in Mein Kampf
Hitler believed that the Aryan race was destined to rule the world, and Jewish people were planning to weaken it through intermarriage
Describe the TRADITIONAL GERMAN ideas in Mein Kampf
There should be strong family values, clear male and female roles, a strong work ethic, Christian morality and old-style arts
Describe the NATIONALIST ideas in Mein Kampf
The Treaty of Versailles should be reversed. Germany needed to expand to create Lebensraum (living space) for the German people and to provide land for German farmers
In what ways was Mein Kampf NOT significant in 1920s Germany?
It didn’t sell many copies before 1930
It wasn’t written very well
After the Munich Putsch, who was appointed:
Party Secretary
Party Treasurer
Party Secretary: Philipp Bouhler
Party Treasurer: Franz Schwarz
How was the Nazi Party organised after the Munich Putsch?
Like a mini-state: Hitler as leader and departments for all aspects of government
What was the name of the Nazi women’s section, set up after the Munich Putsch?
The German Women’s Order
What was set up in the Nazi Party for young people after the Munich Putsch?
The National Socialist German Students’ League
What name was given to the 35 local leaders of the Nazi Party?
Gauleiters
Who became a powerful Gauleiter in the north of Germany?
Gregor Strasser
Who became a powerful Gauleiter in the Rhineland?
Joseph Goebbels
How did Hitler pay for the reorganisation of the Nazi Party?
He raised money from wealthy industrialists who shared his nationalist views
How many members did the SA have by 1930?
400,000
Give two reasons why Hitler did not fully trust the SA
1) They were violent thugs and difficult to control
2) They had become loyal to Ernst Röhm while Hitler was in prison
What did Hitler set up in 1925 to reduce his reliance on the SA?
The SS (Schutzstaffel or ‘Protection Squad’)
How was the SS different to the SA?
They were smaller, with specially selected members, so they could be trusted to act as Hitler’s personal bodyguard
Who was (eventually) placed in charge of the SS?
Heinrich Himmler
How many members did the SS have by 1930?
3,000
What colour uniforms were the SS given in 1932?
Black
How were the northern and southern Gauleiters divided before the Bamberg Conference of 1926?
Northern Gauleiters (like Strasser and Goebbels) stressed the socialist ideas of the Nazis
Southern Gauleiters stressed the nationalist ideas of the Nazis
Why did Hitler choose Bamberg as the site of a national conference for the Nazis in 1926?
It was in the south of Germany - southern party leaders (who stressed the importance of nationalist ideas) made up a majority of the conference
For how long did Hitler speak at the Bamberg Conference?
Two hours
How did Hitler reduce support for the “socialist” wing of the Nazis at the Bamberg Conference?
Made them seem like communists - the enemies of the Nazis
How did Hitler try to win over Goebbels before the Bamberg Conference?
Brought him to Munich and provided him with a car - but also confronted him for supporting socialist ideas over nationalist ideas
What did Goebbels do at the Bamberg Conference?
Abandoned the socialist arguments and joined Hitler’s nationalist “wing” of the party
What did Strasser call Goebbels at the Bamberg Conference?
A “scheming dwarf”
What did Goebbels write in his diary at the time of the Bamberg Conference?
“Adolf Hitler, I love you because you are both great and simple at the same time. What one calls a genius”
How was Goebbels treated AFTER the Bamberg Conference?
He was promoted to Gauleiter of Berlin
What happened at the party rally in July 1926, after the Bamberg Conference?
8,000 supporters swore personal oaths of loyalty to Hitler
What was the overall significance of the Bamberg Conference?
The “socialist” principles of the Nazi Party were weakened - the “nationalists” gained control
What happened to Nazi Party membership between October 1928 and 1929?
Grew from 100,000 to 150,000
How many times higher was Nazi Party membership in 1929 compared to 1923?
Three times higher
In what month and year did the Nazi Party win elected control of its first German council? Where was this?
June 1929
Coburg
What did Hitler do in the autumn of 1929 to demonstrate his dynamic campaigning?
Joined the organising campaign against the Young Plan
What was made compulsory in the Nazi Party in 1926?
The “Heil Hitler!” greeting
In the Reichstag election of May 1928, how many seats did the Nazis win?
Only 12 seats
In the Reichstag election of May 1928, what percentage of the national vote did the Nazis win?
Just 2.6%
In the Reichstag election of May 1928, in what position did the Nazis finish?
Seventh
How many members did the Hitler Youth have in Berlin by January 1932?
Only 1,000
Give TWO reasons why Stresemann’s role in the Weimar Republic weakened support for the Nazis
1) The Rentenmark, Dawes Plan and Young Plan restored economic stability
2) Under Stresemann’s foreign policy, Germany regained its status as an equal partner on the world stage
In the Reichstag election of May 1928, what percentage of the vote did the Nazi Party win in the industrial areas of Berlin and the Ruhr?
Only 1%
