Early development of the Nazi Party Flashcards
What was Hitler sent to do by the army after the First World War?
Keep an eye on local political activists in Munich
Which party was known as the DAP?
German Workers’ Party
Who founded the DAP on 5 January 1919?
Anton Drexler
How many people attended Hitler’s first meeting at the DAP?
Only 23
What was Hitler’s membership number when he joined the DAP?
55
How much money did the DAP have at Hitler’s third meeting? Was this a lot?
7 marks and 50 pfennigs
No - enough to buy a few groceries
What position in the DAP did Hitler take in January 1920?
Head of party propaganda
What was the name of the document containing the DAP’s policies, written by Hitler and Drexler?
The Twenty-Five Point Programme
What were the two main sets of policies in the Twenty-Five Point Programme?
Socialist: to do with living conditions and the economy
Nationalist: to do with strengthening Germany
Give three examples of socialist policies in the Twenty-Five Point Programme
Any from:
Increase pensions for the elderly
Nationalise industries
Everyone should have a job
All citizens should have equal rights and duties
The state should protect mothers and infants
What did the Twenty-Five Point Programme state about the Treaty of Versailles?
Germany should get rid of it
What did the Twenty-Five Point Programme state about German citizenship?
Only German races may be members of the nation. No Jew may be a citizen
What did the Twenty-Five Point Programme state about Germany’s armed forces?
They should be strengthened
What did the Twenty-Five Point Programme state about Germany’s territory?
It should be expanded to create “living space” (Lebensraum) for the population
What was it about Hitler that attracted popular support for the DAP?
His personal appeal as an orator (public speaker)
How did Hitler deliver his speeches?
Began quietly and slowly before building up
What language did Hitler use in his speeches and why?
Simple and straightforward language (short sentences and powerful slogans)
So ordinary people could understand him
What did Hitler accompany his speeches with?
Gestures
What colour was used in posters and photos by the DAP and why?
Red
To attract left-wing supporters (red is the colour of communism)
How many times was Hitler star speaker at 46 meetings of the DAP between November 1919 and 1920?
31
How did membership of the DAP change between:
September 1919
June 1920
End of 1920
September 1919: 55
June 1920: 1,000
End of 1920: 3,000
What did the DAP set up in January 1920?
A permanent office in Munich
What impact did having a permanent office have on the DAP?
Party meetings were now more organised and better advertised
Party membership and funds began to increase
What did Hitler suggest renaming the DAP and why?
NSDAP (Nazis)
The party’s name contained “National”, “Socialist” and “Workers”, which clarified the party’s policies
What logo did the NSDAP adopt?
The swastika
Why did the NSDAP adopt a swastika and a straight-armed party salute?
To distinguish it from all the other small nationalist parties in German politics
What could the Nazis afford to buy in December 1920 and why?
A newspaper (the People’s Observer)
It had a bigger membership and was better organised
How much did it cost the NSDAP to buy the People’s Observer?
180,000 marks
How many copies of the People’s Observer were being circulated within a year?
17,000
What impact did having a newspaper have on the NSDAP?
Allowed the voice of the NSDAP to be heard more widely
What happened to the NSDAP’s leadership in July 1921?
Hitler won a leadership contest against Drexler
Give four examples of supporters Hitler surrounded himself with in the NSDAP
Rudolf Hess
Hermann Goering
Julius Streicher
Ernst Röhm
Which powerful friend did Hitler make for the NSDAP?
General Ludendorff - leader of the Germany army during WWI
What paramilitary force in the NSDAP was founded in August 1921?
The SA
How did the NSDAP recruit members of the SA?
From the unemployed, ex-soldiers and students
What colour uniform did the SA have?
Brown - the “Brownshirts”
How many members did the SA have by August 1922?
800
What role did the SA play at NSDAP meetings?
Controlled the crowds and stopped opposition to Hitler (using violence)
Who was put in charge of the SA?
Ernst Röhm
What were selected members of the SA selected to become a part of?
Hitler’s personal bodyguard - the Stosstrupp (Shock Troop)
What did Hitler persuade members of the NSDAP to give up in January 1922?
Their right to elect the party’s leader
