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A+P > The Muscular System > Flashcards

The Muscular System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the muscular system responsible for?

A

Creating movement, option and maintaining posture.

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2
Q

What are the three different types of muscle tissue?

A

Smooth
Skeletal
Cardiac

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3
Q

Is smooth muscle voluntary or involuntary?

A

Involuntary

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4
Q

Where is smooth muscle found in the body?

A

Reproductive system
Digestive system
Blood vessels
Urinary system

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5
Q

What nervous system operates smooth muscle?

A

Autonomic

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6
Q

How does smooth muscle work in the digestive system?

A

Muscles contract to move the food

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7
Q

Is Cardiac muscle voluntary or involuntary?

A

Involuntary

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8
Q

Where is cardiac muscle found in the body?

A

Found in the chamber walls of the heart

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9
Q

What controls the cardiac muscle?

A

Sinostrial node (SAN)

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10
Q

Is skeletal muscle voluntary or involuntary?

A

Voluntary

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11
Q

What nervous system operates skeletal muscle?

A

Somatic nervous system

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12
Q

Where can skeletal muscle be found in the body?

A

All over, biceps, triceps etc

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13
Q

What is the role of tendons?

A

Attach muscle to bone

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14
Q

What is the main function of skeletal muscle?

A

Resist gravity and maintain body posture

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15
Q

What does skeletal muscle attach to?

A

Bones

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16
Q

What are the two attachment points of skeletal muscle?

A

Origin

Insertion

17
Q

Describe the origin attachment point?

A

Closer to the midline
Proximal attachment
Fixed during muscular attachment

18
Q

Describe the insertion attachment point.

A

Further away from the midline
Distal attachment
Creates movement during muscular contraction.

19
Q

What is the sliding filament theory?

A

Myosin connects and pulls actin, the filaments slide and the muscle contracts.

20
Q

What are the four main roles during movement?

A

Agonist
Antagonist
Synergist
Fixator

21
Q

What is the role of the agonist muscle?

A

The main muscle creating the action.

22
Q

What is the role of the antagonist muscle?

A

The opposite movement to the agonist

23
Q

What is the role of synergist muscles?

A

The muscle that assists or modifies agonist movement.

24
Q

What is the role of a fixator muscle?

A

The muscle that stabilises movement at another joint.

25
Q

Name the three types of ,uncle contractions.

A

Concentric
Eccentric
Isometric

26
Q

What happens in a concentric muscle contraction?

A

.Generates force to overcome gravity and lift a resistance
.Fibres shorten
.Isotonic

27
Q

What happens in a eccentric muscle contraction?

A

.Generates force to control and lower resistance
.Fibres lengthen
.Isotonic

28
Q

What happens in a isometric muscle contraction?

A

Generates force without movement

Fibres stay the same length

29
Q

What are the 5 principles of muscle work?

A 
Attach to bones 
Cross joints 
Contract and pull bones 
Bring about specific joint actions
Work in pairs

A+P (9 decks)

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