The Muscular System Flashcards
What is the muscular system responsible for?
Creating movement, option and maintaining posture.
What are the three different types of muscle tissue?
Smooth
Skeletal
Cardiac
Is smooth muscle voluntary or involuntary?
Involuntary
Where is smooth muscle found in the body?
Reproductive system
Digestive system
Blood vessels
Urinary system
What nervous system operates smooth muscle?
Autonomic
How does smooth muscle work in the digestive system?
Muscles contract to move the food
Is Cardiac muscle voluntary or involuntary?
Involuntary
Where is cardiac muscle found in the body?
Found in the chamber walls of the heart
What controls the cardiac muscle?
Sinostrial node (SAN)
Is skeletal muscle voluntary or involuntary?
Voluntary
What nervous system operates skeletal muscle?
Somatic nervous system
Where can skeletal muscle be found in the body?
All over, biceps, triceps etc
What is the role of tendons?
Attach muscle to bone
What is the main function of skeletal muscle?
Resist gravity and maintain body posture
What does skeletal muscle attach to?
Bones
What are the two attachment points of skeletal muscle?
Origin
Insertion
Describe the origin attachment point?
Closer to the midline
Proximal attachment
Fixed during muscular attachment
Describe the insertion attachment point.
Further away from the midline
Distal attachment
Creates movement during muscular contraction.
What is the sliding filament theory?
Myosin connects and pulls actin, the filaments slide and the muscle contracts.
What are the four main roles during movement?
Agonist
Antagonist
Synergist
Fixator
What is the role of the agonist muscle?
The main muscle creating the action.
What is the role of the antagonist muscle?
The opposite movement to the agonist
What is the role of synergist muscles?
The muscle that assists or modifies agonist movement.
What is the role of a fixator muscle?
The muscle that stabilises movement at another joint.
Name the three types of ,uncle contractions.
Concentric
Eccentric
Isometric
What happens in a concentric muscle contraction?
.Generates force to overcome gravity and lift a resistance
.Fibres shorten
.Isotonic
What happens in a eccentric muscle contraction?
.Generates force to control and lower resistance
.Fibres lengthen
.Isotonic
What happens in a isometric muscle contraction?
Generates force without movement
Fibres stay the same length
What are the 5 principles of muscle work?
Attach to bones Cross joints Contract and pull bones Bring about specific joint actions Work in pairs
