The Cardiovascular System Flashcards
What is the cardiovascular systems main responsibility?
The circulation of blood
What are the 3 main structures of the CVS?
The heart
The blood vessels
The blood
What is the water solution called that cell particles float in?
Plasma
How much of the human body weight does blood make up?
8%
What are erythrocytes?
A red blood cell with a biconcave disc without a nucleus
What are leucocytes?
White blood cell, involved in defence
What are thrombocytes?
Plates which help clotting.
Name the three main stages of blood flow.
From lungs
Body
To lungs
How does blood flow from the lungs to the body?
Pulmonary vein -> left atrium -> left ventricle -> aorta -> arteries -> arterioles -> capillaries
How does blood flow from the body to the lungs?
Capillaries -> venules -> veins -> vena cava -> right atrium -> right ventricle -> pulmonary artery
Which organ is called the muscular pump?
The heart
Where about a is the heart located?
The thoracic cavity
How many chambers does the heart have?
4
What are the 4 chambers of the heart?
Upper chambers - atria
Lower chambers - ventricles
What is the left side of the heart responsible for?
Oxygenated blood
What is the right side of the heart responsible for?
Deoxygenated blood
What is the heart primary function?
To circulate oxygenated blood around the body.
Where does the oxygenated blood go?
To the body
Where does the deoxygenated blood go?
To the lungs
What is blood pressure?
The measure of the force that the blood applies on the walls of the arteries as it flows through them
What is blood pressure measured in?
Millimetres of mercury (mmHg)
What is systolic blood pressure? (SBP)
Contracting and pumping blood
What is diastolic blood pressure?
Relaxing and filling with blood
What is a normal SBP and DBP measurement ?
SBP >120mmHg and DBP >80mmHg
What is an elevated SBP and DBP?
SBP- 120-129 mmHg and DBP - >80 mmHg
What is an example of hypertension stage 1 SBP And DBP?
SBP- 130-139 mmHg or DBP- 80-90 mmHg
What is an example of stage 2 hypertension SDP DBP?
SDP - < 140 mmHg or DBP < 90 mmHg
What is an example of hypertension crisis?
SBP- <180 mmHg and/or DBP- <120 mmHg
What happens in pulmonary circulation?
Circulation between the heart and the lungs
What are the 4 stages of pulmonary circulation?
right ventricle
Pulmonary artery
Pulmonary vein
Left atrium
What happens in systemic circulation?
Circulation between the heart and the body.
What are the 5 stages in systemic circulation?
Left ventricle Aorta, arteries, arterioles Capillaries, venules, veins Vena cava Right atrium
Give 5 factors affecting blood pressure
Alcohol Smoking Nutrition Medications Massage Physical activity Breathing Age
