The multi-store model of memory Flashcards
Who proposed the multi-store model of memory?
Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968)
What are the 3 components of the MSM?
- Sensory register
- Short term memory store
- Long term memory store
Describe the encoding, duration and capacity of the sensory register
Encoding: store for each sense (iconic store is visusal, echoic store is acoustic)
Duration: 1/2 of a second
Capacity: unlimited
How is information lost from the sensory register?
If no attention is paid to it
Describe the encoding, duration and capacity of the short term memory store
Encoding: acoustically
Duration: 18 - 30 seconds
Capacity: up to 9 items (7 ± 2)
How does information stay in the short term memory store?
Maintenance rehearsal (rehearsal loop)
How is information lost from the short term memory store?
- Not rehearsing enough
- Max capacity
Describe the encoding, duration and capacity of the long term memory store?
Encoding: semantically
Duration: infinite
Capacity: potentially unlimited
How is information lost from the long term memory store?
- Through decay of not being retrieved enough
- Retrieval failure
What is the recency effect?
Having better recall for items at the end of a list because they haven’t been displaced from STM yet as they have been there less time
What is the primacy effect?
Having better recall for items at the start of a list because they have been transferred into LTM so available for recall
