The Modern State of Health and Fitness (Chapter 1; Section 1)

Question 1

What is Kinesiology?

Answer 1

The Study of Movement as it relates to anatomy and physiology.

Question 2

NASM recommends that all fitness professionals maintain a focus on ______________ to attain the highest levels of success.

Answer 2

Evidence-Based practice

Question 3

The conscientious use of current research in making decisions about client care

or,

A practice that relies on evidence for guidance and decision-making and includes developing individual expertise, staying current on the best sources of external evidence (e.g., peer-reviewed research), and prioritizing client values and expectations.

Answer 3

Evidence-Based practice

Question 4

NASM proprietary approach to exercise training.

Answer 4

The OPT Model

Question 5

What does OPT stand for?

Answer 5

Optimum Performance Training

Question 6

Name the 3 levels of the OPT Model

Answer 6

Stabilization, Strength and Power

Question 7

Name the 5 Phases of the OPT Model

Answer 7

Stabilization Endurance (Phase 1), Strength Endurance (Phase 2), Muscular Development (Phase 3), maximal Strength (Phase 4), and Power (Phase 5)

Question 8

What is the Musculoskeletal system?

Answer 8

The combined, interworking system of all muscles and bones in the body.

Question 9

A state of lost physical fitness, which may include muscle imbalances, decreased flexibility, and a lack of core and joint stability.

Answer 9

Deconditioned

Question 10

A body weight greater than what is considered within normal standards; a body mass index of 25.0 to 29.9. Is considered what on the BMI scale?

Answer 10

Overweight

Question 11

What is it called when muscles on each side of a joint have altered length-tension relationships.

Answer 11

Muscle Imbalance

Question 12

The support provided by tissues surrounding a joint to maintain and provide control during movement.

Answer 12

Joint Stability

Question 13

What is it called; The social standing of a person or group that includes education, income, and occupation?

Answer 13

Socioeconomic status

Question 14

The state of having a disease.

Answer 14

Morbidity

Question 15

A state or a risk of death or dying.

Answer 15

Mortality

Question 16

The process by which the human body strives to maintain a relatively stable equilibrium.

Answer 16

Homeostasis

Question 17

Which organization functions as the international public health agency of the United Nations?

Answer 17

World Health Organization (WHO)

Question 18

What chronic diseases is the leading cause of death in both men and women?

Answer 18

Coronary artery disease

Question 19

Any attribute, characteristic, or exposure of an individual that increases the likelihood of developing a disease or injury.

Answer 19

Risk Factor

Question 20

A waxy, fatlike substance found in bodily cells.

Answer 20

Cholesterol

Question 21

Name the numeric BMI Classification for being Underweight

Answer 21

< 18.5

Question 22

Name the numeric BMI Classification range for being at a Healthy weight

Answer 22

18.5–24.9

Question 23

Name the numeric BMI Classification range for being Overweight

Answer 23

25.0–29.9

Question 24

Name the numeric BMI Classification range for being Obese

Answer 24

30.0–34.9

Question 25

Name the numeric BMI Classification range for Obesity II

Answer 25

35.0–39.9

Question 26

Name the numeric BMI Classification range for Obesity III

Answer 26

≥ 40.0

Question 27

________ provides the most practical measurement of overweight and obesity because it is the same for both sexes and for all ages of adults.

Answer 27

BMI

Question 28

A sudden lack of blood supply to the brain, caused by either a blockage in an artery or ruptured blood vessel.

Answer 28

Stroke

Question 29

The action that occurs when an artery supplying the heart with blood and oxygen becomes blocked; medically known as a myocardial infarction.

Answer 29

Heart attack

Question 30

A condition in which the heart can’t pump enough blood to meet the body’s needs.

Answer 30

Heart Failure

Question 31

A condition that occurs when one or more heart valves do not function properly, causing shortness of breath and reduced oxygen supply to the body.

Answer 31

Heart valve problem

Question 32

A problem with the rate or rhythm of a person’s heartbeat. The heart beats too quickly, too slowly, or with an irregular pattern.

Answer 32

Arrhythmia

Question 33

A category of heart-related problems caused by the narrowing of coronary arteries, which supply blood and oxygen to the heart muscle.

Answer 33

Ischemic heart disease

Question 34

The processes by which plaque is formed in arteries leading to reduced blood flow.

Answer 34

Atherosclerosis

Question 35

Bodily movement that results in energy expenditure and encompasses many modes and intensities. Movement that is not structured exercise such as recreational pursuits (e.g., golfing, gardening, and walking a dog).

Answer 35

Physical activity

Question 36

Consistently elevated blood pressure.

Answer 36

Hypertension

Question 37

The first (top) number recorded in terms of Blood pressure.

Answer 37

Systolic blood pressure (SBP)

Question 38

The second (bottom) number recorded in terms of Blood pressure.

Answer 38

Diastolic blood pressure (DBP)

Question 39

What is the waxy, fatlike substance found in bodily cells?

Answer 39

Cholesterol

Question 40

What is the most practical measurement of overweight and obesity?

Answer 40

BMI

Question 41

What is, perhaps, the most challenging of the public health problems faced today?

Answer 41

Obesity, due to poor diet and physical inactivity

Question 42

The type of muscle tissue that connects to bones and generates the forces that create movement.

Answer 42

Skeletal muscle

Question 43

A stretching or tearing of ligaments.

Answer 43

Sprain

Question 44

An inflammation of the fibrous tissue (plantar fascia) along the bottom of the foot, which often results in intense heel pain.

Answer 44

Plantar fasciitis

Question 45

An injury or inflammation of the tendon that connects the patella (kneecap) to the tibia (shin bone).

Answer 45

Patellar tendonitis

Question 46

A stretch, partial tear, or complete tear of the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee.

Answer 46

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear

Question 47

A stretch, partial tear, or complete tear of the medial collateral ligament of the knee.

Answer 47

Medial collateral ligament (MCL) tear

Question 48

Shoulder pain caused by rotator cuff tissues rubbing against the acromion bone of the shoulder.

Answer 48

Shoulder impingement syndrome

Question 49

What are two of the most common issues at the foot and ankle complex?

Answer 49

Ankle sprains and plantar fasciitis

Question 50

What does the term shoulder impingement syndrome refer to?

Answer 50

Shoulder pain caused by rotator cuff tissues rubbing against the acromion bone

Question 51

A professional who often works alongside physicians and medical technicians to help diagnose and treat sports injuries

Answer 51

Athletic trainer

Question 52

A professional who is licensed to therapeutically manipulate the muscles and other soft tissues of the body through physical touch

Answer 52

Licensed massage therapist

Question 53

A practitioner who is educated in many areas of physical rehabilitation

Answer 53

Physical therapist

Question 54

A licensed healthcare professional who primarily deals with conditions relating to spinal alignment

Answer 54

Chiropractor

Question 55

Which of the following most accurately describes the role of the Certified Personal Trainer? A. To design and implement strength and conditioning programs for athletes B. To diagnose and/or treat areas of pain or disease for a wide range of clients C. To design safe and effective exercise programs to help clients reach health, wellness, and fitness goals D. To provide nutritional advice, therapy, and counseling to a wide range of clients

Answer 55

To design safe and effective exercise programs to help clients reach health, wellness, and fitness goals.

Question 56

Review the NASM Code of Professional Conduct!! Chapter 1 pg 21- 22

Answer 56

Review the NASM Code of Professional Conduct!! Chapter 1 pg 21- 22

Question 57

What does scope of practice represent?

Answer 57

All the things a professional can do within the legal boundaries of their job title

Question 58

Which component of evidence-based practice refers to a fitness professional’s accumulated education, experience, and practical skills? A. Individual professional expertise B. Best external evidence C. Client values and expectations D. Number of continuing education units earned

Answer 58

Individual professional expertise

Question 59

What are the basic two types of disease?

Answer 59

Chronic and acute

Question 60

At her first visit to her new fitness trainer, Alisha's BMI was 26. According to this information, how would Alisha be classified?

Answer 60

Overweight

Question 61

Hypertension is categorized by a blood pressure greater than what measurement?

Answer 61

120/80 mm Hg

Question 62

Which of the following best demonstrates an example of activities of daily living separate from planned exercise? A. Yardwork B. Cycling C. Weightlifting D. Running

Answer 62

Yardwork

Question 63

Which activity best demonstrates evidence-based practice? A. Referencing peer-reviewed research B. Referring to a colleague's practical knowledge C. Referencing a social media post D. Reading information presented in a blog article

Answer 63

Referencing peer-reviewed research

Question 64

What do the letters OPT within the OPT model stand for?

Answer 64

Optimum Performance Training

Question 65

Which of the following injuries is characterized by a sharp pain in the bottom of the heel that makes it difficult to walk? A. Plantar fasciitis B. A sprain C. Patellar tendonitis D. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear

Answer 65

Plantar fasciitis

Question 66

What is the main role of a personal trainer? A. Assess clients and make recommendations for exercise programming and other lifestyle changes B. Teach, lead, and motivate individuals through large-group exercise classes C. Provide advanced strength and conditioning programs for competitive athletes D. Provide nutritional advice, therapy, and counseling to a wide range of clients

Answer 66

Assess clients and make recommendations for exercise programming and other lifestyle changes