Behavioral Coaching (Chapter 4 ; Section 2)

Question 1

Acting in accordance with how one wants to behave.

Answer 1

Autonomy

Question 2

When people engage in an activity or behavior because they feel a sense of satisfaction.

Answer 2

Intrinsic motivation

Question 3

A communal space, separate from home or work, where the client experiences their own sense of identity and relationship to others.

Answer 3

Third space

Question 4

Client interventions that are used to change some determinant of behavior.

Answer 4

Behavior change techniques (BCTs)

Question 5

One’s belief that they can complete a task, goal, or performance; also known as self-confidence.

Answer 5

Self-efficacy

Question 6

Describes a person’s state of mixed feelings about a situation.

Answer 6

Ambivalence

Question 7

Observing, measuring, and evaluating one’s own behavior, often in the form of a diary or log.

Answer 7

Self-monitoring

Question 8

Refers to the psychological, social, or environmental factors that influence behavior.

Answer 8

Determinants of behavior

Question 9

A construct that captures motivational factors that influence behavior. It indicates how hard people are willing to try and how much effort they are planning to exert.

Answer 9

Intention

Question 10

A broad theoretical framework for the study of human motivation.

Answer 10

Self-determination theory

Question 11

When motives for exercise relate to valuing the outcome, when exercise is consistent with the client’s identity, or when the client enjoys exercise.

Answer 11

Autonomous motivation

Question 12

A concrete representation of when and where exercise will occur.

Answer 12

Planning

Question 13

The degree to which a person has a favorable or unfavorable evaluation of the behavior of interest.

Answer 13

Attitudes

Question 14

The expected positive and negative consequences of a behavior.

Answer 14

Outcome expectations

Question 15

The state of mental or emotional tension from demanding circumstances.

Answer 15

Stress

Question 16

An evaluation of whether one has the means, resources, and opportunities to perform a behavior.

Answer 16

Perceived behavioral control

Question 17

Referring to expected pleasure or enjoyment.

Answer 17

Affective judgment

Question 18

Belief that an important person or group of people will approve and support a behavior.

Answer 18

Subjective norms

Question 19

What are the Stages of change model?

Answer 19

These stages are precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance

Question 20

What is the strongest determinants of physical activity in adults?

Answer 20

Self-efficacy

Question 21

Client does not exercise and is not planning to start exercising within 6 months.

Answer 21

Precontemplation

Question 22

When a person is thinking about implementing change but has not yet taken any steps to get started; an individual may take action within the next 6 months.

Answer 22

Contemplation

Question 23

The client intends to act in the near future, usually within the next month.

Answer 23

Preparation

Question 24

The client has made specific modifications in their exercise routine within the past 6 months.

Answer 24

Action

Question 25

The client has been exercising for more than 6 months and is working to prevent relapse.

Answer 25

Maintenance

Question 26

Reflects the clients’ weighing of the pros and cons of changing.

Answer 26

Decisional balance

Question 27

What does the term decisional balance refer to?

Answer 27

The client’s weighing of the pros and cons of changing a behavior

Question 28

The process of seeking to understand the meaning of the speaker’s words and restating the idea back to the speaker to confirm that they were understood correctly.

Answer 28

Reflective listening

Question 29

Listening style that involves having genuine interest in what the speaker is saying; requires the listener to fully concentrate to understand the speaker’s message.

Answer 29

Active listening

Question 30

Directive questions that can be answered with one word, typically a yes or no.

Answer 30

Closed-ended questions

Question 31

Nondirective questions that can’t be answered with a simple yes or no; they require critical thinking to formulate a response.

Answer 31

Open-ended questions

Question 32

Short sentences that continue the client’s thoughts and add momentum to the conversation.

Answer 32

Collecting summaries

Question 33

Summaries that tie together information the client has presented, perhaps even from previous sessions.

Answer 33

Linking summaries

Question 34

Summaries used to wrap up a session or announce a shift in focus.

Answer 34

Transitional summaries

Question 35

Positive statements about character strengths.

Answer 35

Affirmations

Question 36

What is nonverbal communication?

Answer 36

Information derived from bodily cues, not speaking

Question 37

Client-centered, directive method for enhancing intrinsic motivation to change by exploring and resolving ambivalence.

Answer 37

Motivational interviewing

Question 38

An internal conflict that occurs when an individual compares their actual self with their ideal self.

Answer 38

Self-discrepancy

Question 39

Talk that represents and predicts movement away from change.

Answer 39

Sustain talk

Question 40

Talk that reflects movement of the person toward behavior change.

Answer 40

Change talk

Question 41

What is the defining feature of the contemplation phase?

Answer 41

Ambivalence

Question 42

What are the SMART GOALS?

Answer 42

Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, and Timely

Question 43

Goals focused on the end result.

Answer 43

Outcome goals

Question 44

Tasks that are pursued to reach a final outcome.

Answer 44

Process goals

Question 45

A behavior change technique that links a goal-directed response to situational cues by specifying when, where, and how to act.

Answer 45

Implementation intentions

Question 46

A behavior change technique that involves anticipating barriers to goal action and proactively preparing strategies that prioritize intentional behavior over counterproductive habitual responses.

Answer 46

Coping plans

Question 47

Internal dialogue in which the individual interprets feelings and perceptions, regulates and changes evaluations and convictions, and gives himself or herself instructions and reinforcement.

Answer 47

Self-talk

Question 48

Replacing negative statements with positive statements.

Answer 48

Reverse listing

Question 49

When people believe the exact content of their own thoughts.

Answer 49

Cognitive fusion

Question 50

The process created to produce internalized experiences.

Answer 50

Imagery

Question 51

When a person imagines appearance or healthrelated outcomes.

Answer 51

Appearance imagery

Question 52

When a person creates mental images that increase energy and/or relieve stress.

Answer 52

Energy imagery

Question 53

When individuals mentally rehearse their technique.

Answer 53

Technique imagery

Question 54

The process to get oneself into a state of psychological readiness for performance.

Answer 54

Psyching up

Question 55

What do the health benefits of exercise depend on?

Answer 55

A long-term commitment

Question 56

What are cognitive strategies intended to do?

Answer 56

Alter the way someone thinks about an activity

Question 57

What is another term for vague goals?

Answer 57

Subjective goals

Question 58

At what point should a client’s first exercise program be designed?

Answer 58

After the initial consultation

Question 59

Chapter 4 Review pg 111 - 112

Answer 59

Chapter 4 Review pg 111 - 112

Question 60

Which of the following is a question that may provoke resistance? A. Why don't you want to change? B. What might you want to change? C. If you decided to make a change, what might you do? D. What might work for you?

Answer 60

Why don't you want to change?

Question 61

What is a client-centric coaching style that helps enhance their desire to change by resolving ambivalence?

Answer 61

Motivational interviewing

Question 62

Which behavior change technique allows individuals to identify external triggers that lead them to behave in certain ways? A. Self-monitoring B. Action planning C. Enlisting social support D. Coping planning

Answer 62

Self-monitoring

Question 63

If a Certified Personal Trainer helps a client make an action plan to enhance their confidence that they can exercise on their own, what determinant of behavior are they targeting?

Answer 63

Self-efficacy

Question 64

Which of the following is a question that may provoke resistance? A. What makes you think you are not at risk? B. What might you want to change? C. If you decided to make a change, what might you do? D. What might work for you?

Answer 64

What makes you think you are not at risk?

Question 65

At which stage of change are self-efficacy levels generally the highest? A. Maintenance B. Precontemplation C. Contemplation D. Preparation

Answer 65

Maintenance

Question 66

Which of the following most closely resembles a SMART goal? A. I want to lose 20 pounds over the next 8 months. B. I want to lose 20 pounds in the next month. C. I want to lose weight. D. I want to lose 20 pounds.

Answer 66

I want to lose 20 pounds over the next 8 months.

Question 67

What might a Certified Personal Trainer do for someone in the precontemplation stage of change?

Answer 67

Provide them with education and knowledge

Question 68

What stage of change is a person in if they are planning to begin exercising soon and have taken steps toward it?

Answer 68

Preparation

Question 69

What behavior change technique is a specific plan that drives behavior by identifying cues toward action? A. Implementation intention B. Coping plan C. Self-monitoring D. Guided practice

Answer 69

Implementation intention