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21st century psychology > The Modern Family > Flashcards

The Modern Family Flashcards

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1
Q

What human traits have been conceptualised as adaptive

A

Memory, intelligence and perception

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2
Q

What is an explanation for jealousy from an evolutionary psychology perspective

A

Paternal uncertainty

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3
Q

What is the sexual over-perception bias

A

Men tend to perceive things as sexual advances

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4
Q

What is the Darwinian paradox

A

Homosexuality

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5
Q

How can murder be explained by evolutionary psychology

A

As a strategy to decreased the reproductive success of rivals

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6
Q

What three things to men mostly murder over

A

Social status
Resources
To obtain women

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7
Q

What methods does evolutionary psychology use

A

Normal psychology methods
Stones and Bones
Molecular genetics

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8
Q

What does sexual selection theory require

A

Intrasexual and intersexual competition

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9
Q

How does sexual selection explain attraction

A

Traits that are good for attracting partners are passed on

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10
Q

Are genetics predispositions or causes of behaviour

A

Predispositions

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11
Q

Is evolutionary psychology criticised as ignoring the roles of education, culture and experiences

A

Yes

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12
Q

What defense have evolutionary psychologists made over claims that describing rape and stalking as adaptive is politically incorrect

A

They are describing phenomena, not condoning

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13
Q

Can evolutionary psychology explain people who choose to remain childless

A

Unsure

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14
Q

Can evolutionary psychology hypothesis be tested

A

No

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15
Q

Do females prefer males with higher quality genes and access to more resources

A

Yes

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16
Q

Do males face pressure to protect and support offspring and mother

A

Yes

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17
Q

Do males prefer to maximise reproductive output with younger and more fertile females

A

Yes

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18
Q

Do both men and women prefer partners with dissimilar personalities, attitudes and religious beliefs to them

A

No, prefer similar

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19
Q

Do men and women want partners who are intelligent, kind, understanding and healthy?

A

Yes

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20
Q

Does youth make women attractive to men

A

Yes

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21
Q

Does health hair and skin make women attractive to men

A

Yes

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22
Q

What facial features in women indicate high estrogen

A

Smooth skin, plump lips, large eyes

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23
Q

What is the ideal waist-to-hip ratio

A

0.7

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24
Q

What does the ideal curvature of the spine indicate

A

Indicative of readiness for pregnancy

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25
Q

Does higher social status and financial resources make men more attractive to women

A

Yes

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26
Q

Do physical signs of submission make men more attractive to women

A

No

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27
Q

Are masculine facial features and physical formidably signs of dominance in men

A

Yes

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28
Q

Is a willingness to invest in children attractive to women

A

Yes

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29
Q

Is the smell of sweat from a person with a different or similar immune system attractive

A

Depends if the woman is on the pill. Normally dissimilar (maximise immune system), but if on the pill is the opposite

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30
Q

Are children born from mothers whose parents met when they were on the pill more likely to get sick and be less healthy

A

Yes

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31
Q

How many divorces are there per annum in Aus

A

50000

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32
Q

Do intelligence scores in early adulthood have a positive or negative relationship with likelihood of getting married

A

Positive

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33
Q

Does intelligence predict continued marriage

A

Yes

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34
Q

What intelligence type has the biggest effect on getting married

A

Verbal intelligence

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35
Q

What intelligence type has the biggest effect on staying married

A

All equally predictive (numeric, logical, verbal)

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36
Q

Does intelligence predict getting married when controlling for indirect effect of income, social status etc

A

Yes

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37
Q

Does a blended family contain at least one adopted or biological child of both parents

A

Yes

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38
Q

Do younger or older children adapt quicker to a new family structure

A

Younger

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39
Q

Can blended/step families lead to improved emotional resilience, coping skills and tolerant relational patterns

A

Yes

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40
Q

Do blended/step families lead to an increase or decrease in depressive symptoms of children of divorced parents

A

Decrease

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41
Q

Is dealing with loss a key challenge faced by children of blended/step families

A

Yes

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42
Q

Do children living in blended/stepfamilies display poorer cognitive and socio-emotional outcomes?

A

Yes

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43
Q

Is the prevalence of mental disorders higher in children from non-nuclear families?

A

Yes

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44
Q

Which family structures have higher prevalence of MDD?

A

Step-familities and one-parent

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45
Q

Which family structures have a higher prevalence of ADHS?

A

Blended-families and open-aprent

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46
Q

Are anxiety disorders and conduct disorders higher in non-nuclear families

A

Yes

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47
Q

Are the results comparing non-nuclear to nuclear statistically significant after controlling for poverty and parental mentalh health

A

No

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48
Q

Do 75-80% of children from non-nuclear families perform well on most outcomes

A

Yes

49
Q

Are blood-related adults siblings closer or further away to each other than non blood-related sibiling

A

Closer

50
Q

Do blood-related adults siblings have more or less conflict than non blood-related sibiling

A

More conflict

51
Q

Do gay and lesbian couples place significant on have a genetic tie with children

A

No

52
Q

Are genetic ties with children destabalising to same-sex couples

A

Yes

53
Q

What is the main benefit of adoption to same sex couples

A

Equality

54
Q

Is the heterosexual preference for fertility treatment over adoption innate or socially constructed

A

Socially constructed

55
Q

Are Australian attitudes to ART improving

A

Yes

56
Q

What ART treatments are Australians generally in favour of in heterosexual couples

A

IVF, DI and surrogacy

57
Q

What ART treatments are Australians generally in favour of in same-sex couples

A

More IVF than DI or surrogacy

58
Q

If you were a university educated woman with left-wing political allegiance who didn’t visit church, are you more likely to support ART in same-sex and heterosexual couples

A

Yes

59
Q

If you are a retired man who votes conservative and frequently attends church are you more likely to support ART in heterosexual couples but not same-sex couples

A

Yes

60
Q

If you are a frequent church attendee, are you less likely to support ART for anyone

A

Yes

61
Q

Are heterosexual or same-sex couples more likely to experience infertility

A

Heterosexual

62
Q

Do same-sex couples have assumptions about childlessness based on heteronormative ideas of parenting

A

Yes

63
Q

In gay fathers, is adoption seen as the simplest method

A

Yes

64
Q

In heterosexual couples, is natural childbirth and IVF seen as the simplest method

A

Yes

65
Q

In lesbian mothers, is donor insemination seen as the simplest method

A

Yes

66
Q

Why can family outings be a challenge to children with disabilities

A

The often need routine

67
Q

Does having children with a disability increase partner stress in areas of cost of treatment, equipment and practical support

A

Yes

68
Q

Does parenting a child with disabilities improve if parents individual needs are met

A

Yes

69
Q

Is it easier or more difficult to learn if parents agree on goals, limits and methods of disciple

A

Easier

70
Q

Can parental responses to sibling conflict affect well-being and relationships

A

Yes

71
Q

Do siblings of children with special needs exhibit increased maturity, greater self-control and empathy

A

Yes

72
Q

In a RCT of Primary Care Stepping Stones Triple P in parents of children with ASD, were there improvements in parental confidence, stress and conflict

A

Yes

73
Q

In a RCT of Primary Care Stepping Stones Triple P in parents of children with ASD, were there improvements in parent-reported child behaviour but not observed child disruptive behaviour and parent aversive behaviour

A

Yes

74
Q

Is Primary Care Stepping Stones Triple P a good treatment for parental depression or anxiety

A

No

75
Q

What is Triple P Positive Parenting Program

A

Program to build parental skills to prevent social, emotional, behavioural and developmental problems in children

76
Q

Does anxiety typically manifest in childhood

A

Yes

77
Q

What anxiety disorders typically develop around 8-10

A

Phobias
Seperation anxiety disorder
Generalised anxiety disorder

78
Q

What anxiety disorders typically develop in adolescents

A

Social phobia
Panic disorder
Obsessive-compulsive disorder

79
Q

Does OCD have a strong genetic componet

A

Yes

80
Q

Do children with OCD realise that their behaviours are not functional

A

No

81
Q

Do children with OCD require routine

A

Yes

82
Q

What are four home management strategies for children or teens with generalised anxiety disorder

A

Psychoeducation, relaxation strategies, muscle relaxation, coping cards

83
Q

What is the cumulative risk pathway explanation of anxiety?

A

Combination of predisposing factors increasing the child’s risk and exposure to repeated anxiety-triggering events

84
Q

According to cumulative risk pathways, is unstable environment a risk factor

A

Yes

85
Q

According to cumulative risk pathway, are anxious or overprotective parenting stlyes and an anxious attachment style a risk factor for anxiety

A

Yes

86
Q

According to cumulative risk pathways, are emotionality and neuroticism predisposing factors

A

Yes

87
Q

What is the precipitating events pathway of anxiety

A

Anxiety is a learned response to events

88
Q

What pathway is characterised as encountering a traumatic event (or repeated exposure to aversive consequences or stimulus generalization) place individual at greater likelihood to react anxiously to perceived threat in other situations

A

precipitating events

89
Q

What parental factors are common across pathways

A

Overprotective or over controlling

90
Q

Is avoidance common to both cumulative risk and precipitating events pathways?

A

Yes

91
Q

Are cognitive biases that interpret sitautions are threatening common across cumulative risk and precipitating events pathways

A

Yes

92
Q

Did the Australian Child and Adolescent Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing examine anxiety

A

No

93
Q

What prevalence of childhood anxiety did Boyd report?

A

13.2%

94
Q

What prevalence of childhood anxiety did Young report

A

6.9%

95
Q

Are global and australian anxiety rates stable

A

Yes

96
Q

Is parental risk an indiciator of child risk for anxiety

A

Yes, but this is controversial

97
Q

Are male dog lovers higher on dominance and aggression

A

Yes

98
Q

Are female cat-lovers lower on dominance and aggression

A

Yes

99
Q

Are female cat-lovers lower on nurturance

A

Yes

100
Q

Are male cat-lovers higher on autonomy

A

Yes

101
Q

Are males high in extraversion more likely to prefer dogs or cats

A

Dogs

102
Q

is being a “dog-person” associated with higher or lower masculinity and independence compared to being a “cat-person”

A

Higher

103
Q

Are people with a dog as their ideal pet lower in hostility

A

Yes

104
Q

Are cat-people higher or lower than dog-people on neuroticism and openness to experience

A

higher

105
Q

Are dog-people higher or lower on extroversion, agreeableness and conscientiousness than cat-people

A

Higher

106
Q

Do personality differences between dog-people and cat-people remain after controlling for gender

A

Yes

107
Q

Are dog and cat people the same or different on narcissism and assertiveness

A

Same

108
Q

Are dog-people higher than cat-people on competitiveness and social dominance orientation

A

Yes

109
Q

Are women more discerning than men on the roles of pets in dating than men

A

Yes

110
Q

Do men or women use pets to attract dates

A

Men

111
Q

Does animal assisted therapy help students experiencing homesickness

A

Yes

112
Q

Does animal assisted therapy help people with intellectual disabilities

A

Yes

113
Q

Does equine therapy help at-risk youth

A

Yes

114
Q

Does exposure to therapy dogs reduce cortisol

A

Yes

115
Q

Is Parenting Wisely used for kids aged 9-18 with delinquency or substance use issues

A

Yes

116
Q

Is Tuning in to Kids used for parents of children 1.5-18 years with emotional and beahvioural problems

A

Yes

117
Q

Is Signposts used for kids with developmental delay

A

Yes

118
Q

Multi-family psychoeducational psychotherapy used for mood disorders

A

Yes

21st century psychology (6 decks)

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