The Modern Family Flashcards
What human traits have been conceptualised as adaptive
Memory, intelligence and perception
What is an explanation for jealousy from an evolutionary psychology perspective
Paternal uncertainty
What is the sexual over-perception bias
Men tend to perceive things as sexual advances
What is the Darwinian paradox
Homosexuality
How can murder be explained by evolutionary psychology
As a strategy to decreased the reproductive success of rivals
What three things to men mostly murder over
Social status
Resources
To obtain women
What methods does evolutionary psychology use
Normal psychology methods
Stones and Bones
Molecular genetics
What does sexual selection theory require
Intrasexual and intersexual competition
How does sexual selection explain attraction
Traits that are good for attracting partners are passed on
Are genetics predispositions or causes of behaviour
Predispositions
Is evolutionary psychology criticised as ignoring the roles of education, culture and experiences
Yes
What defense have evolutionary psychologists made over claims that describing rape and stalking as adaptive is politically incorrect
They are describing phenomena, not condoning
Can evolutionary psychology explain people who choose to remain childless
Unsure
Can evolutionary psychology hypothesis be tested
No
Do females prefer males with higher quality genes and access to more resources
Yes
Do males face pressure to protect and support offspring and mother
Yes
Do males prefer to maximise reproductive output with younger and more fertile females
Yes
Do both men and women prefer partners with dissimilar personalities, attitudes and religious beliefs to them
No, prefer similar
Do men and women want partners who are intelligent, kind, understanding and healthy?
Yes
Does youth make women attractive to men
Yes
Does health hair and skin make women attractive to men
Yes
What facial features in women indicate high estrogen
Smooth skin, plump lips, large eyes
What is the ideal waist-to-hip ratio
0.7
What does the ideal curvature of the spine indicate
Indicative of readiness for pregnancy
Does higher social status and financial resources make men more attractive to women
Yes
Do physical signs of submission make men more attractive to women
No
Are masculine facial features and physical formidably signs of dominance in men
Yes
Is a willingness to invest in children attractive to women
Yes
Is the smell of sweat from a person with a different or similar immune system attractive
Depends if the woman is on the pill. Normally dissimilar (maximise immune system), but if on the pill is the opposite
Are children born from mothers whose parents met when they were on the pill more likely to get sick and be less healthy
Yes
How many divorces are there per annum in Aus
50000
Do intelligence scores in early adulthood have a positive or negative relationship with likelihood of getting married
Positive
Does intelligence predict continued marriage
Yes
What intelligence type has the biggest effect on getting married
Verbal intelligence
What intelligence type has the biggest effect on staying married
All equally predictive (numeric, logical, verbal)
Does intelligence predict getting married when controlling for indirect effect of income, social status etc
Yes
Does a blended family contain at least one adopted or biological child of both parents
Yes
Do younger or older children adapt quicker to a new family structure
Younger
Can blended/step families lead to improved emotional resilience, coping skills and tolerant relational patterns
Yes
Do blended/step families lead to an increase or decrease in depressive symptoms of children of divorced parents
Decrease
Is dealing with loss a key challenge faced by children of blended/step families
Yes
Do children living in blended/stepfamilies display poorer cognitive and socio-emotional outcomes?
Yes
Is the prevalence of mental disorders higher in children from non-nuclear families?
Yes
Which family structures have higher prevalence of MDD?
Step-familities and one-parent
Which family structures have a higher prevalence of ADHS?
Blended-families and open-aprent
Are anxiety disorders and conduct disorders higher in non-nuclear families
Yes
Are the results comparing non-nuclear to nuclear statistically significant after controlling for poverty and parental mentalh health
No
Do 75-80% of children from non-nuclear families perform well on most outcomes
Yes
Are blood-related adults siblings closer or further away to each other than non blood-related sibiling
Closer
Do blood-related adults siblings have more or less conflict than non blood-related sibiling
More conflict
Do gay and lesbian couples place significant on have a genetic tie with children
No
Are genetic ties with children destabalising to same-sex couples
Yes
What is the main benefit of adoption to same sex couples
Equality
Is the heterosexual preference for fertility treatment over adoption innate or socially constructed
Socially constructed
Are Australian attitudes to ART improving
Yes
What ART treatments are Australians generally in favour of in heterosexual couples
IVF, DI and surrogacy
What ART treatments are Australians generally in favour of in same-sex couples
More IVF than DI or surrogacy
If you were a university educated woman with left-wing political allegiance who didn’t visit church, are you more likely to support ART in same-sex and heterosexual couples
Yes
If you are a retired man who votes conservative and frequently attends church are you more likely to support ART in heterosexual couples but not same-sex couples
Yes
If you are a frequent church attendee, are you less likely to support ART for anyone
Yes
Are heterosexual or same-sex couples more likely to experience infertility
Heterosexual
Do same-sex couples have assumptions about childlessness based on heteronormative ideas of parenting
Yes
In gay fathers, is adoption seen as the simplest method
Yes
In heterosexual couples, is natural childbirth and IVF seen as the simplest method
Yes
In lesbian mothers, is donor insemination seen as the simplest method
Yes
Why can family outings be a challenge to children with disabilities
The often need routine
Does having children with a disability increase partner stress in areas of cost of treatment, equipment and practical support
Yes
Does parenting a child with disabilities improve if parents individual needs are met
Yes
Is it easier or more difficult to learn if parents agree on goals, limits and methods of disciple
Easier
Can parental responses to sibling conflict affect well-being and relationships
Yes
Do siblings of children with special needs exhibit increased maturity, greater self-control and empathy
Yes
In a RCT of Primary Care Stepping Stones Triple P in parents of children with ASD, were there improvements in parental confidence, stress and conflict
Yes
In a RCT of Primary Care Stepping Stones Triple P in parents of children with ASD, were there improvements in parent-reported child behaviour but not observed child disruptive behaviour and parent aversive behaviour
Yes
Is Primary Care Stepping Stones Triple P a good treatment for parental depression or anxiety
No
What is Triple P Positive Parenting Program
Program to build parental skills to prevent social, emotional, behavioural and developmental problems in children
Does anxiety typically manifest in childhood
Yes
What anxiety disorders typically develop around 8-10
Phobias
Seperation anxiety disorder
Generalised anxiety disorder
What anxiety disorders typically develop in adolescents
Social phobia
Panic disorder
Obsessive-compulsive disorder
Does OCD have a strong genetic componet
Yes
Do children with OCD realise that their behaviours are not functional
No
Do children with OCD require routine
Yes
What are four home management strategies for children or teens with generalised anxiety disorder
Psychoeducation, relaxation strategies, muscle relaxation, coping cards
What is the cumulative risk pathway explanation of anxiety?
Combination of predisposing factors increasing the child’s risk and exposure to repeated anxiety-triggering events
According to cumulative risk pathways, is unstable environment a risk factor
Yes
According to cumulative risk pathway, are anxious or overprotective parenting stlyes and an anxious attachment style a risk factor for anxiety
Yes
According to cumulative risk pathways, are emotionality and neuroticism predisposing factors
Yes
What is the precipitating events pathway of anxiety
Anxiety is a learned response to events
What pathway is characterised as encountering a traumatic event (or repeated exposure to aversive consequences or stimulus generalization) place individual at greater likelihood to react anxiously to perceived threat in other situations
precipitating events
What parental factors are common across pathways
Overprotective or over controlling
Is avoidance common to both cumulative risk and precipitating events pathways?
Yes
Are cognitive biases that interpret sitautions are threatening common across cumulative risk and precipitating events pathways
Yes
Did the Australian Child and Adolescent Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing examine anxiety
No
What prevalence of childhood anxiety did Boyd report?
13.2%
What prevalence of childhood anxiety did Young report
6.9%
Are global and australian anxiety rates stable
Yes
Is parental risk an indiciator of child risk for anxiety
Yes, but this is controversial
Are male dog lovers higher on dominance and aggression
Yes
Are female cat-lovers lower on dominance and aggression
Yes
Are female cat-lovers lower on nurturance
Yes
Are male cat-lovers higher on autonomy
Yes
Are males high in extraversion more likely to prefer dogs or cats
Dogs
is being a “dog-person” associated with higher or lower masculinity and independence compared to being a “cat-person”
Higher
Are people with a dog as their ideal pet lower in hostility
Yes
Are cat-people higher or lower than dog-people on neuroticism and openness to experience
higher
Are dog-people higher or lower on extroversion, agreeableness and conscientiousness than cat-people
Higher
Do personality differences between dog-people and cat-people remain after controlling for gender
Yes
Are dog and cat people the same or different on narcissism and assertiveness
Same
Are dog-people higher than cat-people on competitiveness and social dominance orientation
Yes
Are women more discerning than men on the roles of pets in dating than men
Yes
Do men or women use pets to attract dates
Men
Does animal assisted therapy help students experiencing homesickness
Yes
Does animal assisted therapy help people with intellectual disabilities
Yes
Does equine therapy help at-risk youth
Yes
Does exposure to therapy dogs reduce cortisol
Yes
Is Parenting Wisely used for kids aged 9-18 with delinquency or substance use issues
Yes
Is Tuning in to Kids used for parents of children 1.5-18 years with emotional and beahvioural problems
Yes
Is Signposts used for kids with developmental delay
Yes
Multi-family psychoeducational psychotherapy used for mood disorders
Yes
