The Male Pelvis Flashcards
scrotum contains
sac-like structure containing testes, epididymis, part of ductus (vas) deferens
what externally divides scrotum
median ridge (raphe, septum) separates into lateral compartments
dartos muscle (what, forms)
thin muscular layer which lies below the skin of the scrotum
merges centrally to form the internal scrotal septum (2 sacs each containing a testis)
cremaster muscle (location, arises, function)
surrounds each testes
arises from internal oblique muscles of abdomen
lifts/lowers testes from body
testes function
produce sperm/male sex hormones
when do the testes descend into the scrotum
after the 7th month of pregnancy
approximate size of testes
length: 5cm
width: 3cm
height: 3cm
tunica albuginea
dense outer capsule adhering to both testes
extension project inward (septa)\divides testes into lobules
septa converge posteriorly at the mediastinum
tunica vaginalis
thin outer layer
serous sac derived from the peritoneum
visceral covers testes, parietal lines the scrotum
how many lobules in each testis and what do they contain
200-400 lobules
contain seminiferous tubules
seminiferous tubules (how many per lobe, function, location)
1-3 convoluted tubules per lobe
zone of sperm production
converge towards the mediastinum and empty into the straight tubule towards the rete testis
straight tubule
connects the seminiferous tubules to the rete testis
mediastinum testes (what, continous with, function, encloses)
wedge of connective tissue on post aspect of testes
continuous with tunica albuginea/interlobar septa
structural support for entering and exiting testicular vessels and ducts
encloses the rete testis
rete tesis
network of ducts in post aspect of testis
ducts located within mediastinum testis (inlet: straight tubules, outlet: efferent duct)
efferent duct
ducts exiting the rete testis and connecting to the ductus epidiymis
pathway of sperm production through the testis
lobules
seminiferous tubules
straight tubules
rete testis
efferent ductules
epidymis
vas deferens and onward
epididymis
single tightly coiled duct (6m long/1mm diameter)
located on posterolateral surface of testis
storage and maturation of sperm
continuous with ductus deferens
3 parts of epididymis
head
body
tail
head of epididymis
AKA globus major
largest portion
superior to testis
formed by the efferent ducts
body of epididymis
located along the posterolateral aspect of the testis
ductus epididymis along the length of body to tail
tail of epididymis (AKA, location, function)
ALA globus minor
empties into the ductus deferens within the spermatic cord at inferior border of testis
ductus deferens AKA
vas deferens
what is the ductus deferens and how it travels
tube from the tail of the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct ascends in spermatic cord through the inguinal canal, enters the pelvis, joins ejaculatory duct near base of bladder
spermatic cord
tough covering extending from each testis to the pelvis
provides protection
encases: vas deferens, arteries/veins, lymph/nerves
seminal vesicles (what, function)
paired accessory glands
secretions provide energy for sperm
SV ducts join vas deferens to form the _____
ejaculatory duct
location of seminal vesicles:
______ aspect of bladder
______ to vas deferens
______ to prostate gland
______ to rectum
posterior inferior
lateral
superior
anterior
ejaculatory duct (extensions of, function, travel)
extensions of seminal vesicles
direct SV secretions to the prostatic urethra
ducts travel obliquely in post aspect of the prostate
prostate (made of, shape, size)
fibromuscular and glandular tissue
conical shape
3.5x4.0x2.5 cm
_______ travels centrally through prostate
proximal urethra
ejaculatory ducts descend _____ through the prostate gland to open into the ______
inferiorly
prostatic urethra
glandular portion of prostate divided into __ zones
3
zones of the prostate
peripheral
central
transitional
peripheral zone of the prostate (size, location, bound by, site of)
largest
post/lateral to distal prostatic urethra
bound by a surgical capsule
common site of prostate cancers
central zone of prostate (extends, surrounds, between)
extends from base to verumontanum
surrounds ejaculatory ducts
between peripheral and transitional zones
transitional zone of prostate gland (size, location)
usually smallest zone (bigger if benign enlargement)
located on the lateral aspects of proximal urethra
orientation of prostate gland (base/apex)
base: sup portion, adjacent to neck of bladder
apex: inferior, in contact with peliv diaphragm
prostate location:
____ to bladder
____ to pelvic diaphragm
____ to rectum
____ to symphysis pubis
midline and inferior
superior
anterior
posterior
3 parts of penis
corpora cavernosa (2): dorsilateral, becomes enlarged when filled with blood
corpus spongiosum (1): mid-ventral, encircles spongy urethra
testicular arteries arise from aorta below ______
renal arteries
testicular veins drain into ____
right into IVC
left into LRV
pudendal arteries supply blood to _____ and ______ and are branches of the _____
penis
urethra
internal iliac arteries
pudendal venous plexus is the _____ of the penis
main venous drainage
potential spaces in male pelvis
posterior cul-de-sac
space of Retzius
posterior cul-de-sac (male pelvis) (AKA, between)
AKA retrovesicular pouch/pouch of Douglas
between bladder and rectum
space of Retzius (male pelvis) (between)
between symphysis and bladder
