The GI Tract Flashcards
functions of GI tract (4)
ingest food
break it down
distribute nutrients
eliminate solid wastes
4 layers of GI tract from inner to outer
mucosa
submucosa
muscularis
serosa
start of GI tract
esophagus
esophagus located ____ to aorta
ant and left
esophagus pierces diaphragm at what level of spine
T10
I8 10Eggs At12
terminal end of esophagus
GE junction
gastroesophageal junction (what)
door to stomach (open to let food in, closes to prevent stomach acid moving up)
GE junction is ____ to diaphragm, ____ to aorta, _____ to left lobe of liver
inferior
anterior and slightly left
posterior
stomach in respect to peritoneum
intraperitoneal
stomach location quadrant method
LUQ
internal folds of the stomach
rugae
Four parts of the stomach
Cardia
Fundus
Body
Pylorus
Cardia
Entrance of stomach
Fundus of stomach
Superior rounded portion above GE junction
Body of stomach
Major portion
Pylorus
Inf part of stomach has canal and antrum
Parts of pylorus (and what they are)
Antrum: first part connects to body
Canal: communicates with 1st part of duodenum
Curvatures of stomach
Greater: lateral
Lesser: medial
Small intestine is how long
6-7m
Small intestine is located in what quadrant of abdomen
RLQ
LLQ
3 parts of SI
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
Duodenum (what, what region)
Shortest portion of SI
Epigastric region
Duodenum connects to pylorus at
Pyloric sphincter
How many parts are in the duodenum
4
1st part of duodenum AKa
Superior portion or bulb
What part of the duodenum is “different” and why
The first part cause it is intraperitoneal rather than retroperitoneal
1st part of the duodenum is _____ to pancreatic head and _____ to gallbladder Fundus
Anterior
Posterior
2nd part of duodenum AKA
Descending portion
2nd (descending) part of duodenum is ______ to pancreatic head and _____ to transverse colon
Right lateral
Posterior
3rd part of duodenum AKA
Transverse
3rd/transverse duodenum is ____ to aorta/IVC and ____ to pancreatic head
Anterior
Inferior
4th part of duodenum AKA
Ascending
4th/ascending duodenum is _____ to head of pancreas and ____ to aorta
Inferior and medial
Anterior
Ascending duodenum connects to
Jejunum
Jejunum (what, peritoneum, region)
Middle part of SI
Intraperitoneal
Tightly coiled
Mainly umbilical region
Ileum what
Final part of SI
Longest portion of SI
Ileum terminates at the junction of the ______ and _____ at the ____
Cecum
Ascending colon
Ileocecal valve
Haustra
Puckered sacs along length of colon
Divisions of LI (5)
Cecum
Colon
Sigmoid
Rectum
Anus
Cecum (what/quadrant/region)
Pouch like portion at origin of ascending colon
RLQ/R iliac region
What extends from Cecum and where
Appendix
From inferior portiin
Appendix courses/length
Blind ended tube that courses inferior and medial
6-10cm long
Hepatic flexure (what,connects/peritoneum)
90 degree curve in RUQ
Connects ascending and transverse colon
Retroperitoneal
What part of LI is different from the rest and why
Transverse as it’s intraperitoneal
Splenic flexure connects
Transverse and descending colon
Splenic flexure more ____ than hepatic flexure
Superior
Sigmoid (shape, what, region)
S shaped
Terminal end of colon
Left inguinal and suprapubic (hypogastric) region
Rectum (T/F pelvis/ region/ ___ to bladder)
True
Pubic region
Posterior
what part of stomach is located directly anterior to pancreas
pyloric antrum
