The Making of America Flashcards

Question

Give one evidence of progress in 1865

Answer 1

Lincoln granted the freedom of all slaves, when congress passed the 13th amendment

Answer 2

December - Jackson announced that the reconstruction phase was over, which shocked most of the Republican party. The state government of the south were back in the hands of plantation owners, some without even swearing an oath to the Union. Southern states introduced 'black codes' which limited the rights of black workers, banning black + white marriages,, and not allowing them to hold weapons.

Answer 3

14th amendment said that all persons born in the US were to be seen as citizens regardless of their race. 1867 - black people in Washington were given the vote for the first time. 1867 - All those who fought against the union in the civil war were banned from voting, also required army officers to go to South to protect the rights of black people.

Answer 4

July, 1862 - Pacific Railroad Act, meant that the Us government would provide money for any company willing to link the East and West. Government also offered free land either side of the track, which could be sold to settlers.

Answer 5

6400 | Mile

Answer 6

$50 million

Answer 7

Thousands of workers received jobs Towns emerged on the plains (good for cattle trade) Network of lines spread across to the West

Answer 8

Central Pacific Company employed 12,000 Chinese migrants to do the dangerous work, 150 died Sanitation was poor and disease was a danger as they lived in temporary tents Railroads divided the plains where the Indians hunted Buffalo Americans came to dominate the plains

Answer 9

By the 1850's when beef became a popular food in America, cattle men rounded up large herds and drove them North to market, sometimes as far as California and Chicago

Answer 10

Became known as ideal places to bring cattle for transport to the cities of the North and East. First towns were often violent but in the 1870's gun laws were introduced and sherifs were employed to keep everything in order. Most cowboys were young men on low wages.

Answer 11

Cattle ranches on the plains - cowboys realised it was more efficient to set up ranches on the plains themselves. Led to a security of grass and water for buffalo herds

Answer 12

1862 - Lincoln passed it which promised 160 acres of land for a small fee to families who farmed it for 5 years.

Answer 13

Over half a million

Answer 14

Gradually this started to decrease as more homesteaders moved on to the plains, churches and schools were built.

Answer 15

1865 - 1868, Discovery of gold lead to conflict between the Lakota Sioux and the Us army. One gold miner found a trail to the gold mine, but it went through hunting ground son Lakota Sioux, broke Fort Laminae Treaty. Red cloud and other Lakota leaders launched attacks on army forts, Captain Fetterman was lured out of his fort and entire troop of 80 men was killed Government amsted defeat and signed a treaty that promised that Us troops and settlers would not enter their lands again.

Answer 16

1864, Gold was discovered on Pikes peak and Americans poured into the surrounding lands, Us government forced Indians into a small reservation. The Indians failed to produce enough food on the area and many warriors were forced to hint outside the reservation. John Chivilngton led attack, 105 Cheyenne children and women dead warriors dead

Answer 17

1861, Santee Sioux were forced to give up 28 million acres of land in exchange for a small reservation in Southern Minnesota - a lack of meat and corn meant they faced starvation "if they are hungry, let them eat grass or their own dung". Sioux attacked surrounding land killing 500 white settlers, US army surrounded them and executed Little Crow.

Answer 18

Lots of plains Indian children sent away to be educated in English speaking schools, so looks of their culture and their indigenous language started to fade Military power - Most indians were being rounded up into reservations. Badly run with little food + healthcare, made sure that the Indians would never gain be able to win a victory on the Us army Wealth + Culture - Buffalo hunters killed 3 million buffalo , with 16 million kilos used as fertiliser. The destruction of buffalo was the primary cause of the warfare between Indians and Us troops. Homesteaders on the plains fences off their water, stopped Indians from roaming freely on their horses Big factories paid people to pick wild foods such as berries, increased the competition for food The Us started splitting the tribes apart, stopped tribes reuniting as they had done in previous wars. Also diluted their identities. Indian children were required to change their names and convert to christianity, deprived them of being able to pass their culture and heritage through generations.

Answer 19

1883, boarding school americanised native american children and erased their culture