Nazi Germany January 1933-August 1934 Flashcards
Describe Hitler’s personality
Lazy Brave Patriotic Anti-Semitic Loved warfare
Who was Goebblels
In charge of creating propaganda
Who was Rohm
Led the 400,000 SA Storm Troopers
Who was Himmler
Fanatical about Nazi ideas - created 50,000 SS
Who was Goring
Ex-WWI fighter pilot, created the GESTAPO
Describe the layout you would use for a source question
Answer the Question - This source tells us that…
Specific Details
Contextual Knowledge
Provenance
When was the Reichstag fire
February 1933
Who was arrested for the Reichstag Fire
Marinus Van de Lubbe
What did Hitler make Hindenburg pass as a result of the Reichstag fire and what did it mean
Article 48
Severely restricted civil liberties including the freedom to meet in large groups
4000 communist members where put in jail
Communist press meetings were banned
What was Germany’s reaction the the banning of the communist party
The middle class were happy, as they blamed the communists for the increasing level of violence in German streets and feared a communist revolution.
Why was Hitler confident that the Nazi party would win the elections
Communists out the way
SA and SS patrolled the streets intimidating voters to vote for the Nazis
What percentage of the vote did Hitler win in the elections
43%
What was the Enabling Act
March 24 - 1933
The law would give Hitler the power to pass any law he liked without consulting the Reichstag.
He did this by surrounding the Reichstag members with SA guards. In the face of intimidation and over fears about Germany’s security after the Reichstag fire; 444 members voted for it with only 94 voting against it.
Give some of the 1933 legislations passed as a result of the Enabling Act
Civil Service Act - removed any civil servant who were Jewish or opposed Nazi values
Fearing a trade union strike, the Nazis arrested key leaders and the remaining ones worked with the Nazis, before being arrested too and the DAF was created (German Labour Front)
June 21 - Social Democrats banned. 300 arrested. Other parties voluntarily dissolved after seeing what happened to the SPD
July 14 - law passed banning creation of new parties
When was the law passed banning new parties
1933, July 14
How many Social Democrats were arrested
3000
When was the People’s court created
1934
What was the people’s court
Hitler created a new court that would be totally obedient to the Nazis. This court was outside the normal justice system and dealt with political opposition
By 1934, what obstacles had Hitler overcome
No more opposition parties
Now controls justice system
Can pass any law
More state power
By 1934, the SA were becoming almost……………..to control and was……..the Nazi reputation
Impossible
Damaging
How big were the SA
3 million
What was Hitler’s problem wit Rohm
Rohm wanted to take over the german army, when Hitler refused he openly criticised him in public
How did Hitler frame the SA
Made the SS to make up evidence proving that the SA were planning a national uprising
How many SA were killed
85 were murdered including 15 Reichstag members
What were the consequences of the Night of Long Knives
The power of the SA was reduced and membership shrunk to 1.6 million by 1935
The SS had proved the power and loyalty and so took over form the SA as the most important Nazi organisation
The loyalty of the army grew as they knew that Hitler had prevented a takeover by the SA
The killing of the SA members normalised murder by the state and Hitler as the supreme judge
This also created a culture of fear that became an important mechanism to control the German people in the future.
Give 3 reasons that suggest that Hitlers rise to power was as a result of violence
Night of Long Knives
Used violence to pass the Enabling Act
As a result, new legislations were brought in hat increased his power
Give 2 reasons that suggest that Hitler’s rise to power was not as a result of violence
He politically manoeuvred himself into a better position after the Reichstag fire
Used his power as a persuasive speaker
- coalition
Give the 5 reasons on why Hitler rose to power
Reichstag fire Enabling Act Night of Long Knives Deathbed Hindenburg Oath from the German army
Give the 5 ways in which the Nazis spread propaganda
Berlin Olympics Newspapers Radios Rallies Films
What percentage of people had a radio by 1939
70%, highest in the world
Why did so many have radio and why was it so effective
Nazis produced a cheap set that only costa weeks wage called the ‘People’s Receivers ‘.
Limited range so couldn’t pick up foreign stations
Swastica on back
Broadcasters could only promote the Nazis
