The Loss of Normandy Flashcards

1
Q

The situation in France

A
  • In 1429, Joan of Arc’s Triumph over the English so the tide turn against England, and France begin to recover
  • There was a lot of infighting in Charles VII’s own government which worked in favour of the English
  • To reinforce the English presence in France, Henry VI was crowned King of France in 1431
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2
Q

How did the situation get worse in 1435?

A
  • The Duke of Bedford died in 1435 which was bad for England as he was the French Regent for Henry VI and was a very good military strategist
  • At the same time, England’s most powerful ally, the Duke of Burgundy, defected to the French side
  • The Garrison of Calais came under threat in 1436

What actions to take next became a major issue between the factions in England

  • Both of Henry’s uncles wanted to take different actions, one wanted peace
  • The other wanted to preserve England’s conquest which meant war
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3
Q

The Truce of Tours - 22nd May 1444

A
  • The collapse of Northern France and the loss of Normandy were due to Henry VI
  • The Truce of Tours (22 May 1444) was kept a secret from York
  • Henry VI marries Margaret, the niece of Charles VII
  • Henry secretly surrenders Anjou and Maine to the French King which was against the policy his noblemen made
  • Agreed to a 5-year ceasefire
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4
Q

How was this the fault f H6?

A
  • major diplomatic miscalculations led to the war with France to begin again
  • England was totally unprepared for this large conflict which led to the loss of all of Henry V’s Conquest in France
  • This was all Henry VI’s fault
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5
Q

How was this the fault of Somerset?

A
  • Somerset himself surrendered, Rouen, the capital of Normandy on 29th October 1449 and lost most of France by 1450
  • Somerset paid a large ransom for the release of himself, his family and his retinue and left behind a number of hostages
  • He completely lacks nerve and chivalry
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6
Q

Consequences of the loss of Normandy

A
  • York was previously running France and doing a good job and was only replaced due to the jealousy of Somerset
  • York was extremely angered when he heard Somerset had instantly lost all the French lands that York fought so hard to keep

-Somerset himself surrendered, Rouen, the capital of Normandy on 29th October 1449 and lost most of France by 1450

  • York is angered even further as Somerset returns to England without any punishment and remains a favourite of Henry VI
  • York believes if he had remained Lieutenant of France the French lands would still be in the hands of the English

-This is where the political rivalry between York and Somerset begin

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