The Living World

Question 1

What is the need for classification?

Answer 1

• Identify the potential use of the organism (commercial)
• Identify any harmful effects of certain organisms
• Identify the ecological role of different organisms within an ecosystem
• It helps in the healthcare sector to identify pathogens and aid in the treatment/prevention of diseases (caused by them)
• It helps identify the role of certain organisms as bio fertilizers within agricultural sector
• It helps realize inter-relations between different organisms. Therefore, we feel the need to conserve different species and their habitats.

Question 2

why do we need a common way for naming organisms?

Answer 2

, there are millions of plants and animals in the world;
we know the plants and animals in our own area by their local names.
These local names would vary from place to place, even within a country.
Probably you would recognise the confusion that would be created if we
did not find ways and means to talk to each other, to refer to organisms
we are talking about. Hence there is a need to standardise the naming of living organisms.

Question 3

define nomenclature

Answer 3

The process of standardising the naming of organisms such that a particular organisms is known by the same name all over the world is called as nomenclature

Question 4

What is identification

Answer 4

naming is only possible when the organism is described correctly and
we know to what organism the name is attached to. This is identification.

Question 5

who facilitates nomenclature

Answer 5

In order to facilitate the study, number of scientists have established
procedures to assign a scientific name to each known organism. This is
acceptable to biologists all over the world. For plants, scientific names are
based on agreed principles and criteria, which are provided in International
Code for Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN). Animal taxonomists have evolved International Code of Zoological
Nomenclature (ICZN).

Question 6

importance of scientific nomenclatur?

Answer 6

The scientific names ensure that each organism has only one name.

Description of any organism should enable the people
(in any part of the world) to arrive at the same name.

They also ensure
that such a name has not been used for any other known organism.

Question 7

what is binomial nomenclature? its ocmponents?

Answer 7

This system of providing a
name with two components is called Binomial nomenclature.Each name has two components – the
Generic name and the specific epithet.

Question 8

rules for scientific nomenclature

Answer 8

1) The scientific name is written in 2 parts.

2) The first word begins with a capital letter and the second word begins with small letter.

3) The first word is called the Generic name(epithet) and the second word is called Specific name (epithet).

4)Both the words in a biological name, when handwritten, are
separately underlined, or printed in italics to indicate their Latin
origin.

5)The first word in a biological name represents the genus while
the second component denotes the specific epithet(species).

6)Biological names are generally in Latin and written in italics.
They are Latinised or derived from Latin irrespective of their
origin.

7) The name of the discoverer is writted after the 2 components. It is not italicised. It is written as an abbrievation with a dot.

Mangifera indica Linn.