The internet Flashcards
What is a Tier 1 provider?
Someone that owns the backbone of the internet and leases it out to T2 providers. The routers these people own will be in a mesh network and connect together for fault tolerance.
What is a T2 provider
Virgin media, etc. These providers buy from T1 providers and lease to T3s.
What are the name of the routers used by T1 providers.
Backbone router
What is TCP/IP
A language and common framework used to enable communication between computers.
Including speed, what are three traits of Dial-up networks.
33kbps
Digi>Ana>Digi
Requires modem and dial-up setup in OS.
What are three things you need to connect to a dial-up service?
Dial-up number, username, password. Provided by ISP.
Where in windows would you set up a dial up connection?
Network and sharing center.
What does ISDN stand for
Integrated Digital services Network
What is the standard speed for IDSN
64 kbps
What does B and D channel stand for in relation to IDSN and what do they do.
Bearer channels carry data at 64 kbps. There can be multiples of these.
Delta channels carry configuration data at 16kbps
What does B and D channel stand for in relation to IDSN and what do they do.
Bearer channels carry data at 64 kbps. There can be multiples of these.
Delta channels carry configuration data at 16kbps
What is a common channel config for IDSN
BBD for 128kbps download
What is the config of BBD referred to as?
Basic Rate Interface
True or false: DSL uses phone lines as well?
true
xDSL can reach hundreds of megabits?
Yesh
What is the order in which cable reaches your house
Provider > Box in street > (Optionally, other houses are connected to the box too) > House > modem > NIC
What does fttn mean?
Fiber up to the box in your street, then cable to your house.
What refers to a network that covers the span of a single city.
A MAN
Using the URL of a website, how can you tell if it’s using encrption?
It will say httpS://. No S = not secure.
What is line of sight wireless?
Wi-fi using strong antennae to reach up to eight miles. Often, this involves bridges between locations for more coverage.
Where would you apply line of sight wireless?
Ski resort, areas with widely dispersed buildings.
What are two other names for Dial-Up
Pots - Plain old telephone system
PSTN - Public switched telephone network
How would you connect a PC to the internet through a phone if it has no USB ports but a wifi capable NIC?
Mobile hotspot.
Cell data generations of 3 and under have less than 10 mbps?
Ye
What speed does 4G have theoretically?
1g down, 100 up.
What is LTE
Long term evolution, a category of 4g.
What are WLANS and WWANS.
Wireless LANs and Wireless WANS.
What is the theoretical speed of 5g
20gbps
What does a satellite connection require once it leaves the modem?
Coaxial hooked up to an antenna
What are three disadvantages of satellite connections?
High latency
Weather can disrupt connections
Can come with usage caps
Dynamic NAT. What that do?
Dynamic NAT holds multiple routable IPs and will assign one to a computer for the duration of a communication transaction. Once it’s over, the IP is reused for the next person. If you have more computers than IP’s though, you’re going to have a problem.
What is uPnP
Universal plug n play enables you to just plug a device in and have it automatically configure itself to work with other uPnP devices.
What are the two email protocols that RECIEVE
POP, IMAP
What is the email protocol that SENDS
SMTP
What are the ports for FTP
20/21
What are the ports for SSH
22
What are the ports for Telnet
23
What are the ports for SMTP
25
What are the port(s) for DNS
53
What are the port(s) for HTTP and HTTPS
80, 443
What are the port(s) for POP/IMAP
110, 143
What are the port(s) for RDP
3389
What are the port(s) for SMB
137, 138, 139, 445
What are the port(s) for DHCP
67, 68
What are the port(s) for SNMP
161, 162
What is VoIP
Voice over IP enables telecommunications over a network. This can be things like Skype, discord, or even using an actual phone.
For VoIP, which is more important between speed and low latency?
Low latency
What are two benefits of a vpn
Privacy
Enables remote workers to connect to a LAN as though they were in the office.
What is the name of the VPN server that handles the connection upon the client’s request?
Routing and Remote Access Server
What is the name of the protocol used by Active Directory
LDAP - Lightweight directory access protocol
What is the purpose of SNMP
To monitor and collect data on your network devices. Hardware must support SNMP.
What is SMB used for
File and print sharing in windows
What are the two protocols used for IoT devices?
Z-wave and Zigby
What do Z-wave and Zigby use for their topology methodology
Mesh network
What do you do if you use ping and your DNS server is borked
ipconfig /flushdns
What do you do if you think your DHCP has given you a bad address
ipconfig /release
ipconfig /renew
Alternatively, go into your router and refresh its DHCP
Your router has no IP in its config page. What do?
Refresh its DHCP lease if it’s available.
What cmd command can show you your connections
netstat
What is one benefit dial up has over ISDN
ISDN is limited to 18L feet, dial up can go further.
What is the average speed for standard DSL?
3mbps down 1 up
How can you tell an RJ45 and RJ11 apart?
RJ 11 only has 4 golden pins on the jack
How does a DSL setup look?
DSL uses a telephone jack in your wall to send and receive data over telephone lines.
From your wall to your computer, you have the wall jack > Splitter (Your telephone and internet connection are both plugged into this via separate wires) > from here, your phone cable goes to your phone, and your internet cable goes to your router.
Overall, voice calls only take up a fraction of a telephone line’s full capabilities. DSL utilizes the remaining frequencies for an internet connection while keeping them seperate.
What was the first “always on” connection type that didn’t require calling up head office?
DSL
What two connection methods are limited by 18K ft distance?
ISDN, DSL
