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FILM SCREEN IMAGE ACQUISITION, PROCESSING AND IMAGE ANALYSIS > The Intensifying Screen // Part 1 > Flashcards

The Intensifying Screen // Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

it is the rigid, light tight container that holds the screens and film in close contact

A

cassette

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2
Q

are film holders used to transport film for use without exposing the film to room light

A

cassette

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3
Q

measurement of cassette when loading

A

2 to 3 inches

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4
Q

it is a metal frame with low atomic number and radiolucent front

A

cassette front

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5
Q

composition of cassette front

A

magnesium
bakelite or carbon fiber

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6
Q

it is the compression layer that maintains proper film screen contact

A

contact felt

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7
Q

it is the light tight seal that is completed by a snap

black felt is used in older styles

A

hinges

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8
Q

composition of cassette back

A

manganese and lead

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9
Q

it absorbs backscatter

A

lead foil

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10
Q

it acts as a transducer
it intensifies the action of xrays

A

intensifying screen

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11
Q

composition of intensifying screen

A

polyester base

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12
Q

poor contact of intensifying screen results in:

localized ___ of recorded detail
localized _______ on the image

A

localized loss of recorded detail
localized blurring on the image

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13
Q

poor film screen contact may be verified by radiographing a ___ ___ test

A

poor film screen contact may be verified by radiographing a wire mesh test

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14
Q

advantages of intensifying screen

A

low radiation dose
low technical factors
high tube life

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15
Q

disadvantages of intensifying screen

A

high quantum mottle
low image quality

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16
Q

it provides support to the phosphor layer

A

base

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17
Q

it is made of high grade cardboard, plastic or polyester

A

base

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18
Q

it is the thickest layer of the intensifying screen

A

base

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19
Q

thickness of base

A

1mm/1000um

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20
Q

it serves to redirect light toward the film

A

reflective layer

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21
Q

it intercepts light photons headed in other direction and redirects them to the film

A

reflective layer

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22
Q

thickness of reflective layer

A

25um

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23
Q

composition of reflective layer

A

magnesium oxide
titanium dioxide

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24
Q

use of reflective layer

2x film ___ = 2x ____ = ___ mAs by _ to maintain density

A

2x film speed = 2x density = low mAs by 1/2 to maintain density

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25
Q

also called crossover control layer, is designed for rare earth screens and green sensitive films

A

anti crossover layer

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26
Q

it is designed for single emulsion films such as mammographic film

A

anti halation layer

27
Q

thickness of phosphor layer

A

150 to 300um

or
60mg/cm^2

28
Q

size of crystal

A

5 to 15um

29
Q

it is the active and most important layer of intensifying screen that emits light during stimulation by xray

A

phosphor layer

30
Q

it is the ability to give off visible light

A

luminescence

31
Q

it is the ability of phosphor to give off light only while exposed to x-ray

it is important to radiography

A

fluorescence

32
Q

it is the light emission during xray exposure or while/promptly emitted or within 10^-8 seconds

A

fluorescence

33
Q

it is continue to emit light even after xray exposure has ceased or stopped

A

phosphorescence

34
Q

it produces afterglow or screen lag and it is important to fluoroscopy

A

phosphorescence

35
Q

it is the characteristics of a good phosphor where it is the ability of the phosphor to interact with xray

high Z = high DQE

A

detected quantum efficiency

36
Q

it is the characteristics of a good phosphor where it is the ability of the phosphor to convert xray into light

rare earth phosphors = high CE

A

conversion efficiency

37
Q

it is the characteristics of a good phosphor where it is the specific color that the phosphors emit must match with the spectral sensitivity of the film

A

spectral matching

38
Q

it is the characteristics of a good phosphor where it is insignificant in radiography but is used in fluoroscopy

A

minimum afterglow/lag

39
Q

thickness of protective coating

A

10 to 20um

40
Q

it gives physical protection to the delicate phosphor layer

A

protective coating

41
Q

it provides a surface which can be handled and cleaned without damaging the phosphor

A

protective coating

42
Q

it prevents static buildup and transparent to xray

A

protective coating

43
Q

4 types of phosphor materials

A

calcium tungstate
barium lead sulfate
zinc sulfide
rare earth

44
Q

it is a phosphor material introduced by Thomas Edison that responds well to xrays

A

calcium tungstate

45
Q

it is a phosphor material that used with blue sensitive films, has globular grains and 5% xray to light conversion

A

calcium tungstate

46
Q

three colors of broad band emissions

A

blue
indigo
violet

47
Q

scheelite

A

blue

48
Q

it is a phosphor material used to produce high speed screens

it is also for high kvp techniques

A

barium lead sulfate

49
Q

another word for barium lead sulfate

A

barium flurochloride

50
Q

low mAs = high quantum mottle

A

barium lead sulfate

51
Q

it is a phosphor material, it is used in fluoroscopic screens and responds well with low intensity radiation

A

zinc sulfide

52
Q

high mAs = low quantum mottle

A

zinc sulfide

53
Q

speed of rare earth

A

1000 to 1200

54
Q

it is a phosphor material, that is more efficient in coverting xrays to light

A

rare earth

55
Q

it is a phosphor material that needs less xray energy to provide the same energy conversion as calcium tungstate

A

rare earth

56
Q

high conversion efficiency = no increase in crossover = high image sharpness

A

rare earth

57
Q

percentage of rare earth xray to light conversion

A

18 to 25%

58
Q

percentage of calcium tungstate xray to light conversion

A

5%

59
Q

it is a phosphor material, only efficient in 40 to 75 kV range

A

rare earth

60
Q

too high or low kV = high quantum mottle

A

rare earth

61
Q

it is a phosphor material, for green sensitive film and has tabular grains

A

rare earth

62
Q

lanthanum oxybromide

A

blue

63
Q

gadolinium oxysulfide

A

green

64
Q

yttrium tantalite

A

ultraviolet, violet, blue, green

FILM SCREEN IMAGE ACQUISITION, PROCESSING AND IMAGE ANALYSIS (12 decks)

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