Technical Factors in Radiography Flashcards

1
Q

is the systematic procedure used by the radiographer to accomplish the task of producing high quality radiograph

A

radiographic technique

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2
Q

to produce a radiograph, the radiographer selects and manipulates four significant factors:

A

kvp
ma
exposure time
distance

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3
Q

force that accelerates the electrons from the cathode to the anode

A

kilovoltage (kvp)

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4
Q

directly controls the energy or quality of the x-ray beam

A

kilovoltage (kvp)

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5
Q

is the crest of the waveform that represents photon energy

A

kilovoltage (kvp)

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6
Q

it controls the energy of x-rays produced, also has a direct impact on density, although not proportional; governed by the 15% rule

A

kilovoltage (kvp)

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7
Q

it means the x-ray photons have sufficient energy to pass through the part and emerge as remnant radiation

A

penetration of the part

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8
Q

Density Maintenance (kvp and mas)

15% ↓ in kvp = mas _ 2
15% ↑ in kvp = mas _ 2

A

15% ↓ in kvp = mas ÷ 2
15% ↑ in kvp = mas x 2

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9
Q

exits the body and travels in different directions with many energy levels

A

scatter radiation

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10
Q

danger to the patient and radiographer, detriment to image quality

A

scatter radiation

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11
Q

the characteristic radiation produced by the ____________ effect is mostly absorbed by the patient

A

the characteristic radiation produced by the PHOTOELECTRIC effect is mostly absorbed by the patient

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12
Q

Scatter Radiation
_ kV = _ radiation absorbed by the patient

A

↑ kV = ↓ radiation absorbed by the patient

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13
Q

is the controlling factor of radiographic contrast

A

kilovoltage

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14
Q

kilovoltage formula

kVp = _ x 2 + C

A

kilovoltage formula

kVp = T x 2 + C

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15
Q

kvp increases by 15%; mas decreases by ___

A

kvp increases by 15%; mas decreases by 1/2

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16
Q

kvp decreases by 15%; mas is _____

A

kvp decreases by 15%; mas is doubled

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17
Q

represents the current flow through the cathode filament at the time of exposure

A

milliamperes (mA)

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18
Q

↑ mAs = _ radiation = _ density

A

↑ mAs = ↑ radiation = ↑ density

19
Q

↓ mAs = _ radiation = _ density

A

↓ mAs = ↓ radiation = ↓ density

20
Q

focal spot blooming
_ tube current (mA) = _focal spot size

A

focal spot blooming
↑ tube current (mA) = ↑focal spot size

21
Q

statistical fluctuation in the quantity of x-ray photons that contributes to image per mm^2

A

quantum mottle/image noise

22
Q

_ mAs = few x-ray photons – ↑ mottled, splotchy or salt-and-pepper appearance

A

↓ mAs = few x-ray photons – ↑ mottled, splotchy or salt-and-pepper appearance

23
Q

factor that sets the length of exposure

A

time (s/ms)

24
Q

the ___________ law indicates that blackening in the film remains constant as long as the total energy exposing the film is constant

A

the RECIPROCITY law indicates that blackening in the film remains constant as long as the total energy exposing the film is constant

25
it is also a quantitative factor that when combined with mA, determines the exposure rate
time (s)
26
it refers that the mA is inversely proportional to the time of exposure to attain the same densities
mA and time relationship`
27
length of space from the focal spot to the recording medium
SID or FFD
28
if SID is _ 2x, the same number of photons is spread out over an area 4x the original area, intensity of the beam is _ of the original intensity
if SID is ↑ 2x, the same number of photons is spread out over an area 4x the original area, intensity of the beam is 1/4 of the original intensity
29
represents the length of space from the focal spot to the recording medium and it is called the FFD
distance
30
SOD
source object distance
31
SID
source image receptor distance
32
OID
object image receptor distance
33
FFD
focal film distance
34
OFD
object film distance
35
its new term is SID
distance
36
in the most diagnostic departments, the ___ is standardized for all procedures
in the most diagnostic departments, the SID is standardized for all procedures
37
in general radiography, the SID is __ to __ inches
in general radiography, the SID is 40 to 42 inches
38
in radiography of the structures of the chest and thoracic cavity, the SID is usually __ inches
in radiography of the structures of the chest and thoracic cavity, the SID is usually 72 inches
39
in radiography of the structures of the chest and thoracic cavity, the SID is usually 72 inches which is called ______-_____ radiography
in radiography of the structures of the chest and thoracic cavity, the SID is usually 72 inches which is called CHEST-TELEO radiography
40
mAs and distance relationship mAs is __________ proportional to the squared of the distance (SID)
mAs is directly proportional to the squared of the distance (SID)
41
as the distance is increased, the mAs must also ________ to maintain adequate blackening of the film
as the distance is increased, the mAs must also increase to maintain adequate blackening of the film
42
the law states that radiation intensity is inversely proportional to the squared of the distance from the source of radiation
inverse square laq
43
inverse square law when SID increases, radiation intensity ___________ when SID decreases, radiation intensity __________
inverse square law when SID increases, radiation intensity DECREASES when SID decreases, radiation intensity INCREASES
44
inverse square law if distance ↑, the mAs must also _to maintain density
inverse square law if distance ↑, the mAs must also ↑to maintain density