Technical Factors in Radiography

Question 1

is the systematic procedure used by the radiographer to accomplish the task of producing high quality radiograph

Answer 1

radiographic technique

Question 2

to produce a radiograph, the radiographer selects and manipulates four significant factors:

Answer 2

kvp
ma
exposure time
distance

Question 3

force that accelerates the electrons from the cathode to the anode

Answer 3

kilovoltage (kvp)

Question 4

directly controls the energy or quality of the x-ray beam

Answer 4

kilovoltage (kvp)

Question 5

is the crest of the waveform that represents photon energy

Answer 5

kilovoltage (kvp)

Question 6

it controls the energy of x-rays produced, also has a direct impact on density, although not proportional; governed by the 15% rule

Answer 6

kilovoltage (kvp)

Question 7

it means the x-ray photons have sufficient energy to pass through the part and emerge as remnant radiation

Answer 7

penetration of the part

Question 8

Density Maintenance (kvp and mas)

15% ↓ in kvp = mas _ 2
15% ↑ in kvp = mas _ 2

Answer 8

15% ↓ in kvp = mas ÷ 2
15% ↑ in kvp = mas x 2

Question 9

exits the body and travels in different directions with many energy levels

Answer 9

scatter radiation

Question 10

danger to the patient and radiographer, detriment to image quality

Answer 10

scatter radiation

Question 11

the characteristic radiation produced by the ____________ effect is mostly absorbed by the patient

Answer 11

the characteristic radiation produced by the PHOTOELECTRIC effect is mostly absorbed by the patient

Question 12

Scatter Radiation
_ kV = _ radiation absorbed by the patient

Answer 12

↑ kV = ↓ radiation absorbed by the patient

Question 13

is the controlling factor of radiographic contrast

Answer 13

kilovoltage

Question 14

kilovoltage formula

kVp = _ x 2 + C

Answer 14

kilovoltage formula

kVp = T x 2 + C

Question 15

kvp increases by 15%; mas decreases by ___

Answer 15

kvp increases by 15%; mas decreases by 1/2

Question 16

kvp decreases by 15%; mas is _____

Answer 16

kvp decreases by 15%; mas is doubled

Question 17

represents the current flow through the cathode filament at the time of exposure

Answer 17

milliamperes (mA)

Question 18

↑ mAs = _ radiation = _ density

Answer 18

↑ mAs = ↑ radiation = ↑ density

Question 19

↓ mAs = _ radiation = _ density

Answer 19

↓ mAs = ↓ radiation = ↓ density

Question 20

focal spot blooming
_ tube current (mA) = _focal spot size

Answer 20

focal spot blooming
↑ tube current (mA) = ↑focal spot size

Question 21

statistical fluctuation in the quantity of x-ray photons that contributes to image per mm^2

Answer 21

quantum mottle/image noise

Question 22

_ mAs = few x-ray photons – ↑ mottled, splotchy or salt-and-pepper appearance

Answer 22

↓ mAs = few x-ray photons – ↑ mottled, splotchy or salt-and-pepper appearance

Question 23

factor that sets the length of exposure

Answer 23

time (s/ms)

Question 24

the ___________ law indicates that blackening in the film remains constant as long as the total energy exposing the film is constant

Answer 24

the RECIPROCITY law indicates that blackening in the film remains constant as long as the total energy exposing the film is constant

Question 25

it is also a quantitative factor that when combined with mA, determines the exposure rate

Answer 25

time (s)

Question 26

it refers that the mA is inversely proportional to the time of exposure to attain the same densities

Answer 26

mA and time relationship`

Question 27

length of space from the focal spot to the recording medium

Answer 27

SID or FFD

Question 28

if SID is _ 2x, the same number of photons is spread out over an area 4x the original area, intensity of the beam is _ of the original intensity

Answer 28

if SID is ↑ 2x, the same number of photons is spread out over an area 4x the original area, intensity of the beam is 1/4 of the original intensity

Question 29

represents the length of space from the focal spot to the recording medium and it is called the FFD

Answer 29

distance

Question 30

SOD

Answer 30

source object distance

Question 31

SID

Answer 31

source image receptor distance

Question 32

OID

Answer 32

object image receptor distance

Question 33

FFD

Answer 33

focal film distance

Question 34

OFD

Answer 34

object film distance

Question 35

its new term is SID

Answer 35

distance

Question 36

in the most diagnostic departments, the ___ is standardized for all procedures

Answer 36

in the most diagnostic departments, the SID is standardized for all procedures

Question 37

in general radiography, the SID is __ to __ inches

Answer 37

in general radiography, the SID is 40 to 42 inches

Question 38

in radiography of the structures of the chest and thoracic cavity, the SID is usually __ inches

Answer 38

in radiography of the structures of the chest and thoracic cavity, the SID is usually 72 inches

Question 39

in radiography of the structures of the chest and thoracic cavity, the SID is usually 72 inches which is called ______-_____ radiography

Answer 39

in radiography of the structures of the chest and thoracic cavity, the SID is usually 72 inches which is called CHEST-TELEO radiography

Question 40

mAs and distance relationship

mAs is __________ proportional to the squared of the distance (SID)

Answer 40

mAs is directly proportional to the squared of the distance (SID)

Question 41

as the distance is increased, the mAs must also ________ to maintain adequate blackening of the film

Answer 41

as the distance is increased, the mAs must also increase to maintain adequate blackening of the film

Question 42

the law states that radiation intensity is inversely proportional to the squared of the distance from the source of radiation

Answer 42

inverse square laq

Question 43

inverse square law

when SID increases, radiation intensity ___________
when SID decreases, radiation intensity __________

Answer 43

inverse square law

when SID increases, radiation intensity DECREASES
when SID decreases, radiation intensity INCREASES

Question 44

inverse square law

if distance ↑, the mAs must also _to maintain density

Answer 44

inverse square law

if distance ↑, the mAs must also ↑to maintain density