the integumentary system Flashcards
the integumentary system at the paramedic level
What are the primary functions of the integumentary system?
Protection, regulation of body temperature, sensation, and excretion.
True or False: The integumentary system includes only the skin.
False
Fill in the blank: The outermost layer of the skin is called the _____.
epidermis
What is the primary type of cell found in the epidermis?
Keratinocytes
What pigment is responsible for skin color?
Melanin
True or False: The dermis is thicker than the epidermis.
True
What structures are found in the dermis?
Blood vessels, nerves, hair follicles, and glands.
What is the function of sweat glands?
To regulate body temperature and excrete waste.
Multiple choice: What type of sweat gland is primarily responsible for thermoregulation? A) Apocrine B) Eccrine C) Sebaceous
B) Eccrine
What is the role of sebaceous glands?
To produce sebum, which lubricates and waterproofs the skin.
Fill in the blank: Hair is primarily composed of a protein called _____.
keratin
What is the deepest layer of the skin called?
Hypodermis or subcutaneous layer
True or False: The integumentary system plays a role in vitamin D synthesis.
True
What type of sensory receptors are found in the skin?
Mechanoreceptors, thermoreceptors, and nociceptors.
What is the primary function of the hypodermis?
To insulate the body and absorb shock.
Multiple choice: Which type of skin is thicker and contains more layers? A) Thin skin B) Thick skin
B) Thick skin
What is the role of Langerhans cells in the skin?
To act as immune cells that detect pathogens.
Fill in the blank: The process of shedding dead skin cells is known as _____.
desquamation
True or False: The skin can absorb water.
False
What is the primary cause of skin aging?
Decreased collagen production and UV damage.
What is the difference between first-degree and second-degree burns?
First-degree burns affect only the epidermis, while second-degree burns affect both the epidermis and dermis.
Multiple choice: Which skin condition is characterized by red, itchy patches? A) Psoriasis B) Acne C) Eczema
C) Eczema
What is the role of melanocytes in the skin?
To produce melanin, which protects against UV radiation.
Fill in the blank: The skin acts as a barrier against _____.
pathogens
True or False: Nails are made of living cells.
False
What is the function of dermal papillae?
To increase the surface area for exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste.
Multiple choice: Which layer of the skin contains the majority of blood vessels? A) Epidermis B) Dermis C) Hypodermis
B) Dermis
What is the primary component of sebum?
Lipids
Fill in the blank: The presence of ____ in the skin helps to regulate temperature through sweating.
sweat glands
True or False: Skin color can vary due to genetic factors and environmental exposure.
True
What type of burn involves blisters and may require medical treatment?
Second-degree burn
Multiple choice: What is the main cause of acne? A) Bacteria B) Hormones C) Both A and B
C) Both A and B
What is the role of adipose tissue in the hypodermis?
To provide insulation and energy storage.
Fill in the blank: The skin helps to regulate body temperature through the process of _____.
vasodilation and vasoconstriction
True or False: Skin serves as a sensory organ.
True
What are the two main types of sweat glands?
Eccrine and apocrine glands.
Multiple choice: Which layer of the skin is primarily responsible for sensation? A) Epidermis B) Dermis C) Hypodermis
B) Dermis
What is the primary cause of skin cancer?
Excessive UV radiation exposure.
Fill in the blank: The skin barrier is essential for preventing _____.
dehydration
True or False: The integumentary system can heal itself after injury.
True
What is the basic structural unit of hair called?
Hair follicle
Multiple choice: Which vitamin is synthesized in the skin? A) Vitamin A B) Vitamin C C) Vitamin D
C) Vitamin D
What is the role of the arrector pili muscle?
To cause hair to stand up, which helps with heat retention.
Fill in the blank: The skin’s pH is typically _____.
acidic
True or False: The skin can be affected by systemic diseases.
True
What is the function of the stratum corneum?
To provide a protective barrier composed of dead skin cells.
Multiple choice: Which age group is most at risk for developing skin cancer? A) Children B) Adults C) Elderly
C) Elderly
What is the primary component of the epidermis?
Stratified squamous epithelium
