Skeletal system

Question 1

5 functions of the skeletal system

Answer 1

1.) Support
2.) Storage
3.) Blood cell production
4.) Protection
5.) Leverage

Question 2

Support

Answer 2

Framework for soft tissues

Question 3

Storage

Answer 3

1.) Mineral reserve (calcium/phosphate)
2.) Energy reserves (yellowmarrow)

Question 4

Yellow marrow

Answer 4

Energy reserve for lipids. Can revert back to red marrow if more red blood cells are needed.

Question 5

Blood cell production

Answer 5

Red blood cells (erythrocytes) and white blood cells (leukocytes).

Question 6

Protection

Answer 6

Ribs protect the heart
Skull protects the brain
Vertebrae protects the spinal chord
Pelvis protects the digestive and reproductive system

Question 7

Leverage

Answer 7

Movements/positions

Question 8

Osseous Tissue

Answer 8

Bone

Question 9

Makeup of bones

Answer 9

2/3 calcium and 1/3 collagen fibers

Question 10

Bone marrow

Answer 10

Loose connective tissue inside the bone

Question 11

Compact bone

Answer 11

Solid bone

Question 12

Cancellous bone

Answer 12

Spongy bone

Question 13

Sprains

Answer 13

Over-stretching or tearing of a ligament

Question 14

Subluxation

Answer 14

Partial dislocation

Question 15

Dislocation

Answer 15

A complete removal of a bone from its joint capsule

Question 16

Fracture

Answer 16

Breakdown of bone structure

Question 17

Grade 1 sprain

Answer 17

Minor stretch/tear. Joint is stable. Swelling, pain/tender

Question 18

Grade 2 sprain

Answer 18

Joint unstable but intact.

Question 19

Grade 3 sprain

Answer 19

Complete tear/ failure. Severe pain/spasm

Question 20

Greenstick

Answer 20

In children. One side of the bone is broke but the other side is bent.

Question 21

Torus

Answer 21

In children, swelling of the bone.

Question 22

Transverse

Answer 22

Along the bone fracture

Question 23

Oblique

Answer 23

Diagonal bone fracture

Question 24

Spiral

Answer 24

Twisting of the bone resulting in a wrap around fracture

Question 25

Comminuted

Answer 25

Multiple bone fragments

Question 26

Segmented

Answer 26

Fracture in multiple spots resulting in a "free bone"

Question 27

Impacted

Answer 27

Fracture from axial loading event

Question 28

Axial skeleton

Answer 28

Skull (22) Thoracic cage (24) Vertebral column (26)

Question 29

Appendicular skeleton

Answer 29

Upper/lower limbs (126) Pelvic girdle

Question 30

Cartilage

Answer 30

shiny connective tissues that are lubricated by synovial fluid to provide a slippery surface over which bones may move freely.

Question 31

Long bones

Answer 31

longer than they are wide; most bones of the upper and lower extremities are long bones, including the femur, tibia, fibula, ulna, radius, and humerus.

Question 32

Short bones

Answer 32

as broad as they are long and often cube-shaped or round, as exemplified by the bones of the wrist or foot.

Question 33

flat bones

Answer 33

relatively thin and flattened; include certain skull bones, ribs, the sternum (breastbone), and the scapulae (shoulder blades).

Question 34

Diaphysis

Answer 34

the shaft of a long bone, many of which include the medullary cavity, an internal cavity that contains a substance known as bone marrow.

Question 35

Epiphysis

Answer 35

the ends of the long bone.

Question 36

Physis

Answer 36

– the growth plate, which is the major site of bone elongation.

Question 37

Metaphysis

Answer 37

the flared region of a long bone between the diaphysis and epiphysis.

Question 38

Periosteum

Answer 38

consists of a double layer of connective tissue and lines the outer surface of the bone.

Question 39

Endosteum

Answer 39

lining of the inner surfaces of a long bone.

Question 40

Appositional growth

Answer 40

Growth of a new bone on the surface of a bone

Question 41

Endochondral growth

Answer 41

Growth of cartilage to eventually be replaced by a bone

Question 42

Epiphyseal

Answer 42

a fracture that occurs in a growth section of a child’s bone and may lead to growth abnormalities.

Question 43

Humerus

Answer 43

Upper bone of the arm

Question 44

Scapulae

Answer 44

shoulder blades

Question 45

Clavicle

Answer 45

collar bone

Question 46

Radius

Answer 46

located on the thumb side of the forearm, extends from elbow to wrist, crossing over ulna when hand is turned

Question 47

Ulna

Answer 47

bone on the little finger side

Question 48

Carpals

Answer 48

Eight irregularly shaped bones

Question 49

Phalanges

Answer 49

finger bones

Question 50

Pelvic girdle

Answer 50

comprised of two hip bones and the sacrum and attaches the lower limbs to the axial skeleton

Question 51

Ilium

Answer 51

largest portion of the hip bone

Question 52

Ischium

Answer 52

the lowest portion of the hip bone

Question 53

Pubis

Answer 53

anterior portion of the hip bone

Question 54

femur

Answer 54

thigh bone

Question 55

patella

Answer 55

knee cap

Question 56

Tibia

Answer 56

shin bone

Question 57

fibula

Answer 57

slender bone located on the lateral side of the tibia

Question 58

Tarsals

Answer 58

Ankle bonesM

Question 59

Metatarsals

Answer 59

Toe bones