musculoskeletal system

Question 1

skeletal muscle

Answer 1

how we move, maintain posture, temp, guard and support our body

Question 2

3 layers of skeletal muscle

Answer 2

epimysium, perimysium, endomysium

Question 3

number of skeletal muscle

Answer 3

700

Question 4

cardia muscle tissue

Answer 4

found only in the heart
timing of contractions controlled by pacemaker cells
aerobic metabolism
impossible to tetany
contractions are 10x longer than skeletal muscle

Question 5

smooth muscle tissue

Answer 5

found lining organs
sphincters regulate movement
contracts are the longest

Question 6

fast fibers

Answer 6

majority of fibers, fatigue more rapidly, fast use of ATP

Question 7

slow fibers

Answer 7

slower to fatigue, more o2 supply, more mitichondria

Question 8

white muscles

Answer 8

where fast fibers live

Question 9

red muscles

Answer 9

where slow fibers live

Question 10

anaerobic endurance

Answer 10

length of time contractions are supported by energy reserves such as ATP

Question 11

aerobic

Answer 11

length of time a muscle can contract while being supported by breakdown of carbs, lipids, acids

Question 12

rigor mortis

Answer 12

around 6 hours after death, glucose/energy is depleted, sustained contractions

Question 13

muscular dystrophy

Answer 13

abnormality of the gene
pregressive muscle weakness

Question 14

myasthenia gravis

Answer 14

autoimmune disease. weakness/fatigue

Question 15

rhabdomyolysis

Answer 15

unconscious/immobile, prolonged time, muscles is destroyed, dark red urine, kidney failure

Question 16

fascia

Answer 16

surrounds every muscle and may form cordlike tendons beyon each muscle’s end

Question 17

aponeuroses

Answer 17

broad sheets of fibers that may attach to bones or to the coverings of other muscles

Question 18

epimysium

Answer 18

a layer of connective tissue that closely surrounds skeletal muscles

Question 19

perimysium

Answer 19

another layer that seperates muscle into small compartments

Question 20

muscle fasciulus

Answer 20

bundles of skeletal muscle cells inside perimysium compartments which are bound togeter by connective tissue

Question 21

endomysium

Answer 21

layers allow for independent movement

Question 22

skeletal muscle fiber

Answer 22

single cell that contracts and relaxes in response to stimulation

Question 23

sarcolemma

Answer 23

cell membrane surrounding each muscle fiber

Question 24

contraction of skeletal muscles

Answer 24

contract when organelles and molecules bind myosin to actin to cause a pulling action.

Question 25

adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase

Answer 25

causes the breakdown of atp to both adenosine diphosphate and phosphate releasing energy

Question 26

acetylcholine

Answer 26

the neurotransmitter that stimulates skeletal muscle to contract

Question 27

muscle relaxation

Answer 27

occurs when calcium is actively transported back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 28

recovery period

Answer 28

oxygen debt after exercise. heavy breathing until oxygen is supplied to the muscles

Question 29

after exercise oxygen is required to...

Answer 29

metabolize lactic acid. replenish atp, phosphocreatine, and glycogen. pay back any oxygen that has been borrowed from hemoglobin and myoglobin

Question 30

oxytocin

Answer 30

hormone that stimulates contraction of smooth uterine muscles

Question 31

for an action potential to occur

Answer 31

a polarized cell is needed

Question 32

action potential

Answer 32

a rapid, transient change in the electrical potential of a cell membrane, primarily in neurons and muscle cells, that serves as a fundamental unit of communication and signaling in the nervous system and other excitable tissues.

Question 33

polarized cell

Answer 33

a cell at rest, waiting to react to a stimulus