Airway exam Flashcards
Emphysema
COPD that damages alveoli by making them rupture increasing air space instead of having smaller ones, reducing the area for gas exchange.
bronchitis
Inflammation of the bronchi. Can be acute or chronic
When to encourage a choking patient to cough
When a patient can cough forcefully
Chest thrusts begin on a choking patient when…
A patient can no longer breath or cough
Chest compressions on a choking patient begin when…
The patient is unresponsive
bifurcation
a point or area where something divides into two branches or parts
what do you do when an intubated patient’s condition changes when they are moved
reassess the tube
bronchospasm
a condition where the muscles around the airways constrict, leading to a narrowing and obstruction of the respiratory passages, often causing symptoms like wheezing, coughing, and difficulty breathing.
bronchospasm capno waveform
shark fin
subcutaneous emphysema
occurs when air gets into the tissues under the skin, often appearing as swelling and a crackling sensation when touched
Dividing line of the upper and lower airway
vocal cords or larynx
productive cough
causes mucus or phlegm
which copd causes productive cough
bronchitis
what results from hyperventilating a patient
respiratory alkalosis.
visceral pleura
layer that covers the lungs
chemoreceptors in the blood do what?
determine the ph of the blood
where does the stimulus to breath originate
brainstem. mendulla ablongata and the pons
atelectasis
the collapse or closure of part (or all) of a lung, which leads to reduced or absent gas exchange in that area. It essentially means that the alveoli—the tiny air sacs in the lungs—have deflated, either partially or completely.
what relaxes smooth bronchiol muscles
beta agonists
average tidal volume
500 mL
If the air we breath in contains 21% oxygen, how
much oxygen remains in the air we breath out?
16%
can bvm ventilation cause aspiration
yes
accessory muscles
used to aid breathing when extra effort is needed, include the sternocleidomastoid, scalenes, trapezius, pectoralis major, serratus anterior, and abdominal muscles
when should you use nasotracheal intubation
clenched teeth
how long can you attempt to intubate
30 seconds
when should you suspect pulmonary embolus
long flight, recent surgery, pregnancy, trauma, birth control
What medication reverses the effects of benzodiapines
romazicon
polycythemia
Increased red blood cell count.
cystic fibrosis
a genetic disorder primarily affecting the lungs and digestive system, causing thick, sticky mucus buildup that leads to breathing difficulties, lung infections, and digestive problems
ventilating a patient too quickly does what?
inhibits preload and causes hypotension
