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Anatomy + Physiology > The Integumentary System > Flashcards

The Integumentary System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of body membranes?

A

Cover body surfaces, line body cavities, form protective sheets around organs

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2
Q

What are the classifications of Epithelial membranes?

A

Cutaneous, mucous, serous

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3
Q

What is the classification of connective tissue membranes?

A

Synovial

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4
Q

What is the Cutaneous Membrane?

A

Skin, dry membrane, and outermost protective boundary

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5
Q

What is the superficial epidermis composed of?

A

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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6
Q

What is the underlying dermis composed of?

A

Dense connective tissue

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7
Q

What do mucous membranes do?

A

Line all body cavities that open to the exterior body surface for absorption or secretion

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8
Q

What do serous membranes do?

A

line open body cavities that are closed to the exterior body surface, occur in pairs separated by serous fluid

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9
Q

What does the visceral layer of the serous membrane do?

A

cover the outside of the organ

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10
Q

What does the parietal layer of the serous membrane do?

A

line a portion of the wall of the ventral body cavity

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11
Q

Where is the peritoneum?

A

Abdominal cavity

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12
Q

Where is the pleura?

A

Around the lungs

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13
Q

Where is the pericardium?

A

around the heart

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14
Q

What is the integumentary system composed of?

A

Skin, sweat glands, oil glands, hair, nails

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15
Q

What is the Skin’s functions?

A

Protect deeper tissues, aid in heat loss or retention, aid in excretion of urea and uric acid, synthesize vitamin D

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16
Q

What does the skin protect from?

A

Mechanical damage (bumps), Chemical damage (acids + bases), Bacterial damage, Ultraviolet radiation (sunlight), Thermal damage (heat or cold), Desiccation (drying out)

17
Q

What are the three layers of the skin?

A

Epidermis, dermis, hypodermis

18
Q

What is the Epidermis?

A

The outermost layer of the skin that consists of 5 layers

19
Q

What is the epidermis made up of?

A

stratified squamous epithelium, keratinized to prevent water loss, avascular

20
Q

What are the layers of the epidermis from deepest to most superficial?

A

Stratum basle, stratum spinosum, Stratum granulosum, Stratum lucidum, Stratum comeum

21
Q

What is the dermis?

A

the middle layer of skin, made up of dense connective tissue, very vascular

22
Q

What are the layers of the dermis?

A

The papillary layer (upper dermal region) and the reticular layer (deepest skin layer)

23
Q

What is the papillary layer?

A

projections called dermal papillae, some contain capillary loops, others have pain and touch receptors

24
Q

What is the reticular layer?

A

Blood vessels, sweat and oil glands, deep pressure receptors

25
Q

What is the hypodermis?

A

subcutaneous tissue, not technically part of the skin, anchors skin to the underlying organs, composed of mostly adipose tissue

26
Q

What are skin appendages?

A

cutaneous glands (sebaceous glands, sweat glands), hair, hair follicles, nails

27
Q

What are sebaceous glands?

A

Oil glands, ducts empty into hair follicles; others open directly onto skin surface

28
Q

What do sebaceous glands do?

A

Produce oil, lubricate skin, prevent brittle hair, kill bacteria

29
Q

What are sudoriferous glands?

A

Sweat glands that are widely distributed in the skin

30
Q

What do sudoriferous glands do?

A

Produce sweat

31
Q

What are the types of sudoriferous glands?

A

Eccrine and Apocrine

32
Q

What are eccrine glands?

A

Open via duct to pore on the skin surface, produce sweat

33
Q

What are apocrine glands?

A

Ducts empty into hair follicles, function at puberty, and release sweat that also contains fatty acids and proteins

34
Q

What does hair consist of?

A

hard keratinized epithelial cells, melanocytes provide pigment for color

35
Q

What makes up nails?

A

Central medulla, cortex surrounds medulla, cuticle on the outside of the cortex

36
Q

What is a hair follicle?

A

Dermal and epidermal sheath surrounding hair root

37
Q

What is the arrector pili muscle?

A

Smooth muscle that pulls hair upright when cold or frightened, connected to hair

38
Q

What are nails composed of?

A

Scale-like modifications of the epidermis, stratum basle extends beneath the nail bed

Anatomy + Physiology (6 decks)

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