The Industrial Age (1800-1914) Flashcards
aka the 2nd Industrial Revolution
parts that are so nearly identical that they can fit into any assembly of the same type
interchangeable parts
an association of manufacturers of suppliers with the purpose of maintaining prices at a high level and restricting competition
cartel (aka. a syndicate)
the exclusive possession or control of the supply or trade in a commodity or service
monopoly (aka. a trust)
a manufacturing process in which parts are added in sequence
assembly line
applies biological concepts of natural selection and survival of the fittest to sociology and politics
social darwinism
the scientific study of the mind and behavior
psychology
a process of heating liquids to kill bacteria and prevent spoilage
pasteurization
the theory that plants and animals developed from common ancestors long ago
evolution
(austrian) developed theories about the unconcious mind.
Sigmund Freud
(russian) discovered process of classical conditioning while studying digestive process of dogs
Ivan Pavlov
discovered how antiseptic prevented infection (this contributed directly to increased life expectancy)
Joseph Lister
invented gasoline powered internal combustion engine
Nikolaus Otto
proved link between microbes and disease (the “germ theory”); developed vaccines against rabies and anthrax, and discovered process of pasturization
Louis Pasteur
invented radio
Guglielmo Marconi
(british) discovered electrons and developed subatomic theory
J.J. Thompson