The Human Body

Question 1

What is anatomy?

Answer 1

The study of the structure and shape of the body and its parts and their relationship to one another

Question 2

What is gross anatomy?

Answer 2

The study of large, easily observable body structures

Question 3

What is microscopic anatomy?

Answer 3

The study of body structures that are too small to be seen with the naked eye

Question 4

What is physiology?

Answer 4

The study of how the body and its parts work or function

Question 5

What are the five main levels of structural organization in the human body?

Answer 5

• The chemical level
• The cellular level
• The tissue level
• The organ level
• The organism level

Question 6

What occurs at the chemical level of structural organization?

Answer 6

Atoms combine to form molecules such as water, sugar, and proteins, like those that make up muscles

Question 7

What are atoms?

Answer 7

The smallest part of an element, indivisible by ordinary chemical means

Question 8

What occurs at the cellular level of structural organization?

Answer 8

Molecules associate in specific ways to form cells

Question 9

What are cells?

Answer 9

The most basic biological unit of living organisms

Question 10

What occurs at the tissue level of structural organization?

Answer 10

Similar cells that have a common function, combine to form tissues

Question 11

What are the four basic tissue types?

Answer 11

• Epithelial
• Connective
• Muscle
• Nervous

Question 12

What becomes possible at the organ level of structural organization?

Answer 12

Extremely complex functions

Question 13

What are organs?

Answer 13

Structures composed of two or more tissue types that perform a specific function for the body

Question 14

What are organ systems?

Answer 14

Groups of organs that work together to accomplish a common purpose

Question 15

What occurs at the organism level of structural organization?

Answer 15

The sum total of all structural levels work together to keep organisms alive

Question 16

How many organ systems make up the human body?

Answer 16

11

Question 17

What are the 11 organ systems?

Answer 17

MURDERS LINC: Muscular, Urinary, Reproductive, Digestive, Endocrine, Respiratory, Skeletal, Lymphatic, Integumentary, Nervous, Cardiovascular

Question 18

What does the integumentary system consist of?

Answer 18

The external covering of the body (skin), hair, and fingernails

Question 19

What vitamin does the integumentary product when expose it excess

Answer 19

Vitamin D

Question 20

What three things does the skeletal system consist of?

Answer 20

• Bones
• Cartilages
• Joints

Question 21

T or F: Bones store minerals.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

What does the muscular system consist of?

Answer 22

Skeletal muscles and their connective tissue attachments

Question 23

What is the only function of muscles?

Answer 23

To contract and cause movement

Question 24

What are skeletal muscles?

Answer 24

Large, fleshy muscles attached to bones

Question 25

What fours things does the nervous system consist of?

Answer 25

- The brain - The spinal cord - Nerves - Sensory receptors

Question 26

What is the role of sensory receptors?

Answer 26

To detect internal and external changes

Question 27

What are nerve impulses?

Answer 27

The electrical signals sent by sensory receptors to the central nervous system

Question 28

What are the two effectors?

Answer 28

- Muscles - Glands

Question 29

What are endocrine glands?

Answer 29

Ductless glands that produce and release hormones into the blood to travel to distant target organs

Question 30

What are hormones?

Answer 30

Chemical messengers responsible for regulatory effects on certain cells, tissues, and organs

Question 31

Using blood as a carrier, what are two things the cardiovascular system does?

Answer 31

- Delivers oxygen, nutrients, hormones and other substances to cells - Picks up waste from cells (ex. Carbon dioxide)

Question 32

T or F: The lymphatic system compliments the cardiovascular system.

Answer 32

True

Question 33

When fluid is leaked into tissues from the blood, what returns it to the blood stream?

Answer 33

Lymphatic vessels

Question 34

What are the two primary roles of the respiratory system?

Answer 34

- Supply the body with oxygen - Remove carbon dioxide

Question 35

What are the two primary roles of the digestive system?

Answer 35

- Break down food - Deliver nutrients to the blood for dispersal

Question 36

Why is the liver considered a digestive organ?

Answer 36

Because it produces bile to help break down fats

Question 37

T or F: The pancreas is considered to be both an endocrine and digestive organ

Answer 37

True

Question 38

What are the three primary roles of the urinary system?

Answer 38

- Maintain the body's water-salt (electrolyte) balance - Regulate the acid-base balance of the blood - Help regulate normal blood pressure