Skin and Body Membranes

Question 1

What are the two major groups of body membranes?

Answer 1

• Epithelial membranes
• Connective tissue membranes

Question 2

What are epithelial membranes composed of?

Answer 2

Epithelial tissue with an underlying of connective tissue

Question 3

What does it mean for epithelial tissues to be avascular?

Answer 3

It doesn’t have its own blood supply

Question 4

What type of epithelial membrane makes up the skin?

Answer 4

The cutaneous membrane

Question 5

What two layers compose the cutaneous membrane?

Answer 5

• The epidermis
• The dermis

Question 6

What is the subcutaneous tissue?

Answer 6

The adipose (fat) tissue beneath the skin

Question 7

Is subcutaneous tissue considered part of the skin?

Answer 7

No

Question 8

What anchors the skin to underlying organs, provides a site for nutrient storage, serves as a shock absorber, and insulated the deeper tissue?

Answer 8

Subcutaneous tissue

Question 9

What are most cells of the epidermis?

Answer 9

Keratinocytes

Question 10

How are keratinocytes connected throughout the epidermis?

Answer 10

Desmosomes

Question 11

What are the five layers/strata that compose the epidermis?

Answer 11

• The stratum basale
• The stratum spinosum
• The stratum granulosum
• The stratum lucidum
• The strtum corneum

Question 12

Which layer of the epidermis lies closest to the dermis?

Answer 12

The stratum basale

Question 13

Which layer of the epidermis contains the most adequately nourished cells?

Answer 13

The stratum basale

Question 14

In which layer of the epidermis are melanocytes chiefly located?

Answer 14

The stratum basale

Question 15

Which layer of the epidermis contains cells that secrete glycolipid that resist water

Answer 15

The stratum lucidum

Question 16

At which layer of the epidermis do cells begin to die because they are unable to get adequate nutrients and oxygen?

Answer 16

The stratum lucidum

Question 17

What is the most superficial epidermal layer?

Answer 17

The stratum corneum

Question 18

Where are merkel cells found?

Answer 18

At the epidermal-dermal junction

Question 19

What are the two major regions of connective tissue making up the dermis?

Answer 19

• The papillary layer
• The reticular layer

Question 20

Which layer of the dermis contains dermal papillae?

Answer 20

The papillary layer

Question 21

What are dermal papillae?

Answer 21

Projections of dermal tissue into the epidermis

Question 22

What are two examples of the different functions of dermal papillae?

Answer 22

• Some contain capillary loops and provide nutrients to the epidermis
• Some house pain and touch receptors

Question 23

What is the deepest layer of the dermis?

Answer 23

The reticular layer

Question 24

Which layer of the dermis contains connective tissue, hair follicles, sweat and oil glands, blood vessels, and lamellar corpuscles?

Answer 24

The reticular layer

Question 25

What is the role of phagocytes found in the dermis?

Answer 25

Prevent microbes that managed to get through the epidermis from penetrating deeper into the body

Question 26

What types of fibres does the dermis contain?

Answer 26

• Collagen fibres
• Elastic fibres

Question 27

T or F: The dermis is avascular.

Answer 27

False. It is supplied with blood vessels that help maintain body temperature homeostasis.

Question 28

What are mucous membranes/mucosa composed of?

Answer 28

Epithelium resting on a loose connective tissue membrane

Question 29

Which type of epithelial membrane lines all body cavities open to the exterior?

Answer 29

The mucous membranes/mucosa

Question 30

What is the epithelium of mucosa often adapted for?

Answer 30

Absorption or secretion

Question 31

What are serous membranes/serosa composed of?

Answer 31

A layer of simple squamous epithelium resting on a thin layer of areolar connective tissue

Question 32

Which type of epithelial membrane line compartments in the ventral body cavity that are closed to the exterior?

Answer 32

The serous membrane/serosa

Question 33

What are the two layers of serous membranes?

Answer 33

• The parietal layer
• The visceral layer

Question 34

What does serous fluid allow organs to do?

Answer 34

Allows organs to slide easily across cavity walls and each other without friction or pain

Question 35

T or F: The specific names of the serous membranes depend on their locations.

Answer 35

True

Question 36

What is the peritoneum?

Answer 36

The serosa lining the abdominal cavity and covering its organs

Question 37

What are the pleurae?

Answer 37

The serosa lining the lungs and thoracic cavity

Question 38

What is the pericardium?

Answer 38

The serosa enveloping the heart

Question 39

What are synovial membranes?

Answer 39

The membranes that line the fibrous capsules surrounding joints

Question 40

What is the integumentary system composed of?

Answer 40

The skin and its appendages (sweat and oil glands, hair, and nails)

Question 41

What is the main function of the integumentary system?

Answer 41

To protect the body and its deeper organs