The Heart and Blood Vessels Flashcards
Briefly describe how you carried out the dissection to expose this valve.
Cut through the wall with scapel of the right atrium and ventricle. Cut the three flaps of the tricuspid valve.
When dissecting a mammalian heart, where precisely did you locate the tricuspid valve?
Between RIGHT ATRIUM and VENTRICLE
Where did you find the semilunar valves during the dissection?
Base of aorta and pulmonary vein.
When you investigated the effect of exercise on the human pulse rate or breathing rate, what did you first establish?
The resting pulse rate
How did you measure pulse rate or breathing rate?
Locate a pulse on wrist. Count the number of beats per minute at rest. Do this 3 times and get average.
then run on spot slowly and record pulse rate.
The more strenuous activity the pulse rate increases.
Name a structure found in cells in which carbon dioxide is produced.
Mitochondrion.
Give a feature of a capillary which allows the rapid uptake of carbon dioxide.
Wall only one cell thick.
Carbon dioxide levels are usually higher in venous blood than in arterial blood. Explain
Venous blood has collected Co2 from respiration whereas in arterial blood the Co2 has been removed in the lungs.
Name a blood vessel which is an exception to the situation outlined above - carbon dioxide levels are usually higher in venous blood than in arterial blood- Give a reason for the exception.
pulmonary vein
Blood high in Co2 is brought to the lungs.
Briefly outline the role of carbon dioxide in the control of the human breathing rate.
The more Co2 the faster we breath due to the medulla oblongata that registers blood Co2 levels.
The human circulatory system has two circuits.
Give the names.
Pulmonary circuit
Systematic circuit
Which circuit involves the pumping of blood by the left ventricle.
Systematic circuit
Write a short note on: Pulse
Is the alternate expansion and contraction of the arteries. Can be taken at wrist or neck. Usual pulse rate is 72 beats per minute.
Write a short note on: Blood pressure
is the force of the blood against the walls of the arteries. Taken in upper arm. Two measurements are taken, the systole and diastole values. Normal measure is 120/80 mm.
Comment on the effect of DIET on the circulatory system.
High salt intake raises blood pressure. Saturated fats cause blocked arteries and being overweighr increases sink of heart attack.
