The Heart (Anatomy and Physiology)

Question 1

functions of the heart?

Answer 1

-regulates blood supply
-generates blood pressure
-routes blood
-ensures 1 way blood flow`

Question 2

layers of the heart wall?
know what they are and what muscle is in each

Answer 2

-epicardium (pericardium?): made up of simple squamous and loose ct
-myocardium: made up of cardiac muscle
-endocardium: made up of simple squamous

Question 3

TRUE or FALSE: cardiac muscle is striated?

Answer 3

TRUE!

Question 4

what are the 4 chambers of the heart?

Answer 4

left and right atriums, left and right ventricles

Question 5

what separates the left and right atria?

Answer 5

the interatrial septum

Question 6

what separates the left and right ventricles?

Answer 6

the interventricular septum

Question 7

know the valves and where they are located?

Answer 7

atrioventricular valves (tricuspid and bicuspid): between atria and ventricles
semilunar valve (aortic and pulmonary): between ventricles and blood vessels

Question 8

what type of blood does the right side of the heart have?

Answer 8

deoxygenated

Question 9

what type of blood does the left side of the heart have?

Answer 9

oxygenated

Question 10

process of which blood travels through the heart:

Answer 10

-right atrium to tricuspid valve to right ventricle to pulmonary valve to pulmonary trunk to pulmonary arteries
-from pulmonary veins to left atrium to bicuspid valve to left ventricle to aortic valve to aorta to body

Question 11

where does the right coronary artery supply blood to?

Answer 11

the right ventricle

Question 12

where does the left coronary artery supply blood to?

Answer 12

the anterior heart and left ventricle

Question 13

where does the coronary sinus drain into?

Answer 13

the right atrium

Question 14

know the 3 cardiac muscle action potential phases:

Answer 14

-depolarization phase
-plateau phase
-repolarization

Question 15

order of conduction system of the heart

Answer 15

-sa node
-av node
-av bundle
-purkinje fiber

Question 16

know the components of an EKG:

Answer 16

-p wave: depolarization of atria
-QRS complex: depolarization of ventricles
-t waves: repolarization of ventricles

Question 17

what does systole mean?

Answer 17

contraction

Question 18

what does diastole mean?

Answer 18

relaxation

Question 19

what produces the sounds of the heart?

Answer 19

the closure of the heart valves!

Question 20

what makes up the cardiac output?

Answer 20

stroke volume times heart rate

Question 21

what are baroreceptors?

Answer 21

receptors that monitors blood pressure!

Question 22

what is coronary artery disease?

Answer 22

there is a decrease blood supply to the heart due to the coronary arteries being narrowed

Question 23

what is another name for a myocardial infarction?

Answer 23

a heart attack!

Question 24

what is a myocardial infarction?

Answer 24

a closure of one or more coronary arteries, thrombus (clot) or blockage

Question 25

know the types of heart procedures:

Answer 25

angioplasty
stents
bypass

Question 26

what is a cardiac cycle?

Answer 26

all the events the occur during one single heart beat

Question 27

in the cardiac cycle, what is the relationship between area and pressure?

Answer 27

inverse! when one decreases, the other increases (vice versa)

Question 28

how is homeostasis maintained using baroreceptors?

Answer 28

-when blood pressure increases, heart rate and stroke volume decreases
-when blood pressure decreases, heart rate and stroke volume increases