The Heart Flashcards
What is the Pericardium?
It’s a membrane that encloses the heart, this hold the heart in place while allowing it to move as it beats and prevents the heart from overstretching.
What do the right and left sides of the septum (wall) do?
The right side collects blood from the body pumping it to the lungs.
The left side receives blood from the lungs pumping it to the rest of the body.
What are the four chambers of the heart?
Top chambers: Atria (singular. atrium)
Bottom chambers: Ventricles
What do each of the chambers do?
Right Atrium - recieves blood from the body and passes it to the right ventricle.
RIght Ventricle - pumps blood to the lungs
Left Atrium - receives blood from the lungs and passes it to the left ventricle.
Left Ventricle - pumps blood to the body.
What do valves in the heart do?
They ensure that the blood flows in only ONE direction
Where are the atrioventricular valves, and what are the tendons that they hold onto called?
Between the atria and ventricles.
Edges of the tissue are held by chordae tendineae (the tendons), that attach to the heart of papillary muscle.
What are the semilunar valves?
They are another set of valves that stops the blood from flowing back into the arteries once the ventricle relaxes.
What is the sinoatrial node? (also known as the SA node or pacemaker)
It is a cluster of specialised cardiac cells in the wall of the right atrium which initiates the heartbeat.
What is the atrioventricular node? (AV node)
It is the secondary pacemaker that regulates the beating of the ventricles.
What is blood pressure?
It is the pressure of the circulating blood against the walls of the blood vessels.
When is blood pressure the highest?
When the ventricles in the heat contract (systole)
What is the pressure the lowest?
When the ventricles in the heart relax (diastole).
What is systolic pressure?
It is the highest number that blood pressure is recorded as.
What is diastolic pressure?
It is the lowestnumber that blood pressure is recorded as.
What is the normal blood pressure of an adult?
Around 120/80.
