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Spinal Exam 3 > The Head > Flashcards

The Head Flashcards

1
Q

How many bones form the neurocranium?

A

8 bones

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2
Q

What bones form the neurocranium?

A

Frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid

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3
Q

How many bones form the facial skeleton?

A

14 bones

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4
Q

What bones form the facial skeleton?

A

Mandible, vomer, nasal, maxilla, lacrimal, inferior nasal concha, palatine, and zygomatic

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5
Q

What is the appearance of the intersection of the coronal and sagittal sutures called?

A

The bregma

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6
Q

What is the appearance of the intersection of the lambdoid and sagittal sutures called?

A

The lambda

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7
Q

What is the diamond shaped remnant of developing membrane bone at the intersection of the frontal bone with both parietal bones?

A

The anterior fontanelle

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8
Q

What is the diamond shaped remnant of developing membrane bone at the intersection of the occipital bone with both parietal bones?

A

The posterior fontanelle

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9
Q

What is the glabella?

A

The elevation of bone over the frontal sinus between the orbits

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10
Q

What is the name given to the outline of the nasal cavity at the front of the skull?

A

Piriform aperture

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11
Q

What is the alveolar jugum?

A

The part of the mandible or maxilla covering the root of the tooth exteriorly

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12
Q

What is the name given to the alveolar jugum of the canine tooth in the maxilla?

A

Canine Eminence

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13
Q

What forms a bullet-like chin?

A

A large mental protuberance

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14
Q

What forms an indented chin?

A

Well developed bilateral mental tubercles and a slight mental protuberance

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15
Q

What is the name given to the midline posterior elevation at the back of the skull?

A

The external occipital protuberance

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16
Q

What is the tip of the external occipital protuberance called?

A

The inion

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17
Q

What is the name of the linear elevation lateral to the external occipital protuberance?

A

Superior nuchal line

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18
Q

What is the appearance of suture intersections just above the zygomatic arch called?

A

The Pterion

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19
Q

What bones from the pterion?

4

A

Parietal
Temporal
Sphenoid
Frontal

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20
Q

What pints on the skull are used to measure the skull size?

4

A

Nasion
Vertex
Inion
Gnathion

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21
Q

What points ont he skill are used to measure cranial vault capacity?
(3)

A

Nasion
Vertex
Inion

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22
Q

What is the posterior boundary of the anterior cranial fossa?

A

A line drawn along the lesser wing of the sphenoid, anterior clinoid processes, and sphenoidal jegum

23
Q

What is the posterior boundary of the middle cranial fossa?

3

A

Superior border of petrous part of temporal bone
Posterior Clinoid Processes
Dorsum Sella of Sphenoid

24
Q

What are the parts of the sella turcica?

5

A 
Anterior clinoid processes
Posterior clinoid processes
Sphenoidal jugum 
Dorsum Sella
Hypophysial fossa
25
Q

What are the contents of the superior orbital fissure?

5

A 
Ophthalmic veins
Oculomotor nerve
Trochlear nerve
Ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve 
Abducent nerve
26
Q

What cranial nerves are located within the superior orbital fissure?
(4)

A

Oculomotor
Trochlear
Ophthalmic division of the trigeminal
Abducent

27
Q

What is unique about the ophthalmic artery and veins?

A

Unlike any other artery-vein combinations they will NOT share the same opening.
The ophthalmic Artery is in the optic canal.
The Ophthalmic Veins are in the superior orbital fissure.

28
Q

What are the contents of the foramen ovale?

2

A

Mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve

Lesser petrosal branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve

29
Q

What are the contents of the foramen spinosum?

1

A

Nervus spinosus from the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve

30
Q

What bones converge to form the foramen lacerum?

A

Temporal
Sphenoid
Occipital

31
Q

What are the contents of the foramen lacerum?

3

A

Internal carotid artery
Carotid sympathetic nerve plexus
Venous plexus

32
Q

What forms the roof the the posterior cranial fossa?

A

Tentorium cerebelli

33
Q

What part of the CNS occupies the posterior cranial fossa?

3

A

Cerebellum
Pons
Medulla Oblongata

34
Q

Which ostia will allow exit from the posterior cranial fossa?
(5)

A 
Foramen magnum
Internal acoustic meatus
Jugular foramen
Hypoglossal canal
Condylar canal
35
Q

What are the contents of the internal acoustic meatus?

5….ish

A

CN VII- Facial Nerve
CN VIII- Vestibulocochlear Nerve
Nervus intermedius/nerve of Wrisberg/sensory root of VII and the motor root of VII
Vestibular and cochlear roots of VIII
Internal auditory/internal labyrinthine artery and vein

36
Q

What are the contents of the jugular foramen?

6….ish

A 
Jugular bulb
Inferior petrosal sinus
Tympanic body/tympanic glomerus or jugular body/jugular glomus  
CN IX- Glossopharyngeal
CN X- Vagus
CN XI- Spinal Accessory
37
Q

What is the name of the venous expansion between the sigmoid dural venous sinus and the internal jugular bulb?

A

Jugular Bulb

38
Q

What is the function of the tympanic body/tympanic glomus?

A

A chemoreceptive organ which monitors hypoxia, hypercapnia, and increases in the hydrogen ion

39
Q

What are the contents of the condylar canal?

A

Emissary vein connecting the sigmoid dural venous sinus and the vertebral venous plexus

40
Q

What can the five layers of the scalp spell?

A 
SCALP
S- Skin
C- Connective Tissue
A- Aponeurosis 
L- Loose Connective Tissue
P- Periosteum
41
Q

What are the principal sources of blood to the scalp?

A

Internal carotid and external carotid artery branches

42
Q

What branches of the external carotid artery ramify in the scalp?

A

OPS
O- Occipital Artery
P- Posterior Auricular Artery
S- Superficial Temporal Artery

43
Q

What location will each branch of the CN V pass into upon exit from the middle cranial fossa?

A

Ophthalmic Nerve- Orbit
Maxillary Nerve- Pterygopalatine region
Mandibular Nerve- Infratemporal region

44
Q

Which divisions of the trigeminal nerve receive sensory information from the scalp?

A

All three divisions
Ophthalmic nerve
Maxillary nerve
Mandibular nerve

45
Q

What nerve(s) and cord levels of origin to the cervical plexus supply the scalp?

A

Great auricular nerve- C2, C3 ventral rami branches

Lesser auricular nerve- C2 (C3) ventral rami brainches

46
Q

Which dorsal ramus nerve branch (name and cord level or origin) supplies the scalp?

A

Greater occipital nerve- C2, C3 Communication Ramus

47
Q

What nerve(s) provide motor innervation to the scalp?

A

Facial nerve branches

48
Q

What is the embryonic origin of skeletal muscles innervated by the facial nerve?

A

The skeletal muscle is derived from the branchial arches hence the branchial efferent

49
Q

What is the third layer of the scalp associated with?

A

Muscular component of the scalp

50
Q

What muscle(s) are specifically associated with the scalp?

A

Frontalis and occipitalis bellies of the epicranius muscle

51
Q

The bellies of the epicranius muscle are connected by what structure?

A

Galea aponeurotica

52
Q

What is the fourth layer of the scalp?

A

Loose connective tissue layer

53
Q

What is the fifth layer of the scalp?

A

Pericardium

Spinal Exam 3 (19 decks)

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