The Face Flashcards
Which muscles of the face LACK any attachment to bone?
3
Orbicularis oris
Procerus
Risorius
Which divisions of the trigeminal nerve receive sensory information from the face?
All 3 divisions
Ophthalmic nerve
Maxillary nerve
Mandibular nerve
What landmark forms the apex of the orbit?
Convergence of the superior orbital fissure and inferior orbital fissure
What opening(s) are located along the superior wall of the orbit?
Optic canal
What are the contents of the optic canal?
Optic nerve and ophthalmic artery
What bones form the medial wall of the orbit?
4
Ethmoid
Frontal
Lacrimal
Sphenoid
What are the openings located along the medial wall of the orbit?
Anterior ethmoid and posterior ethmoid foramina
What is the name given to the medial wall of the orbit?
Lamina papyracea
What opening(s) are located along the lateral wall of the orbit?
Superior orbital fissure
What opening(s) are located along the inferior wall of the orbit?
Inferior orbital fissure
What is contained in the inferior orbital fissure?
Maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve
What are the layers of the eyelid?
4
Skin
Orbicularis oculi muscle
Tarsal plate/tarsus
Palpebral conjunctiva
What are the names given to the modified sebaceous gland in the tarsus of the eyelid?
Tarsal or Meibomian gland
What is the location of the Meibomian gland?
Tarsus of the eyelid
What is the name of the modified sebaceous gland at the base of the eyelash?
Ciliary gland
What are the parts of the lacrimal gland?
Orbital and palpebral parts
The lacrimal gland is an example of what classification of gland?
Exocrine gland
What is the single common characteristic of exocrine glands?
Ducts drain product from secretory units of the gland
Into what location will the lacrimal gland ducts open?
Superior fornix
What is the drainage patter of tears?
Lacrimal punctum, lacrimal canaliculus, lacrimal sac, nasolacrimal duct, and inferior nasal meatus
Which visceral efferent (VE) pathway is conveyed in the seventh cranial nerve?
A parasympathetic motor pathway
Visceral efferent fibers conveyed in the seventh cranial nerve originate from which nucleus?
Superior salivatory nucleus
Preganglionic visceral efferent fibers of cranial nerve VII will exit the pons in what nerve?
Nervous intermedius, nerve of Wrisberg, sensory root of facial nerve
Which immediate branch of the seventh cranial nerve will convey pregaglionic parasympathetic efferent fibers to the lacrimal gland?
Greater petrosal or greater superficial petrosal nerve
What is the continuation of the greater petrosal nerve of the seventh cranial nerve?
Vidian nerve or nerve of the pterygoid canal
What are the names of the ganglion of synapse in the efferent pathway to the lacrimal gland?
Pterygopalatine ganglion, sphenopalatine ganglion, Meckel’s ganglion
Postganglionic parasympathetic efferent fibers from the pterygopalatine, sphenopalatine, or Meckel’s ganglion will become incorporated in which cranial nerve branch?
Maxillary nerve of the trigeminal
The zygomaticotemporal nerve will convey postganglionic parasympathetic efferent fivers to the lacrimal gland through a communication with which branch of the fifth cranial nerve?
Ophthalmic nerve
What is the branch from the ventral primary ramus that carries preganglionic sympathetic visceral efferent (VE) fibers to a paravertebral ganglion?
The white ramus communicans
What is the pathway for the postganglionic sympathetic visceral efferent (VE) fiber to the lacrimal gland?
It exits the superior cervical ganglion via the gray ramus communicans and joins the internal carotid artery neuromuscular plexus and continues along the ophthalmic artery to the lacrimal gland where it synapses
Sympathetic stimulation of the lacrimal gland will result in what events?
Vasoconstriction of blood vessels, limited availability of water to secretory unites, more viscous or thicker product formed in glandular lumen
Parasympathetic stimulation of targets in the lacrimal gland will result in what events?
Vasodilation of blood vessels, increased availability of water to secretory units, thinner or more watery product in lumen; constriction of myoepithelial cells leading to release of product from secretory lumen into duct system
