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Spinal Exam 3 > Sternum and Ribs > Flashcards

Sternum and Ribs Flashcards

1
Q

Primary centers for ossification for the sternum first appear at what age?

A

Fifth fetal month

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2
Q

Synchondroses of the corpus sterni will fuse together beginning with which sternabrae?

A

The lower sterna brae fuse first; they ossify in a caudal to cranial direction

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3
Q

What vertebral levels correspond to the position of the manubrium sterni?

A

T3-T4

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4
Q

What vertebral levels correspond to the position of the corpus sterni?

A

T5-T9

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5
Q

How many sternabrae for the corpus sterni?

A

4 Sternabrae

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6
Q

What surface features on the corpus sterni identifies the location of the synchondroses?

A

Transverse Lines

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7
Q

What articular sites for the costal cartilage of the ribs will be identified on the corpus sterni?

A

Costal notches II-VII

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8
Q

What feature of the corpus sterni is present in 4-7% of the population

A

A Sternal Foramen

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9
Q

What causes the appearance of the sternal foramen?

A

Failure of the ossification centers of the sternum to fuse together normally

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10
Q

In what part of the rib will primary centers of ossification appear?

A

The body (corpus, shaft)

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11
Q

In what parts of the rib will secondary centers of ossification appear?

A

The head, articular surface of the tubercle and non-articular surface of the tubercle

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12
Q

When do primary centers of ossification appear in the rib?

A

During the second fetal month

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13
Q

When do secondary centers of ossification appear in the rib?

A

During puberty

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14
Q

Which ribs will demonstrate primary centers of ossification for the body? (corpus or shaft)

A

All ribs; ribs 1-12

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15
Q

Which ribs will demonstrate secondary centers of ossification?

A

Ribs 1-10

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16
Q

Which ribs lack secondary centers of ossification?

A

Ribs 11-12

17
Q

How does rib 1 differ in ossification centers from typical ribs?

A

Rib 1 has two secondary centers of ossification:
One for the head
One for the tubercle
Typical ribs have three secondary centers of ossification

18
Q

How does rib 10 differ in ossification centers from typical ribs?

A

Rib 10 has two secondary centers of ossification:
One for the head
One for the tubercle
Typical ribs have three secondary centers of ossification

19
Q

How do ribs 11 and 12 differ in ossification centers from typical ribs?

A

Ribs 11 and 12 do NOT have secondary centers of ossification

20
Q

What are the primary parts of the vertebral end of a typical rib?

A

Head, Neck, Tubercle

21
Q

What is unique about the body (corpus or shaft) of the first rib?

A

The body (corpus or shaft) of the first rib is flattened and has a scalene tubercle flanked by the groove for the subclavian artery and the groove for the subclavian vein

22
Q

What unique feature is present on the body (corpus or shaft) of the second rib?

A

Tuberosity for Serratus Anterior

23
Q

What distinguishes the vertebral end of rib 11 from typical ribs?
(3)

A

The single articular surface
Absence of a well-developed crest on the neck
Tubercle may be absent or present, if present, only consists of a non-articular surface

24
Q

What are the classifications of ribs 3-7 in the typical adult skeleton?
(4)

A

Typical ribs, true ribs, costa verae, and vertebrosternal ribs

25
Q

What are the classifications of ribs 1 and 2 in the typical adult skeleton?
(4)

A

Atypical ribs, true ribs, costa verae, and vertebrosternal ribs

26
Q

What are the classifications of ribs 8 and 9 in the typical adult skeleton?
(4)

A

Typical ribs, false ribs, costa spuriae, vertebrochondral ribs

27
Q

What are the classifications of rib 10 in the typical adult skeleton?
(4)

A

Atypical rib, false rib, costa spuriae, vertebrochondral rib

28
Q

What are the classifications of ribs 11 and 12 in the typical adult skeleton?
(4)

A

Atypical ribs, false ribs, costa spuriae, vertebral ribs

29
Q

What is the joint classification of the costochondral joint?

A

Cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) synchondrosis

30
Q

What is the classification of the 5th-6th or 9th-10th interchondral joint?

A

Fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis

31
Q

What accessory ligaments are present at interchondral joints?

A

Anterior and posterior interchondral ligaments

32
Q

Which costal cartilages fail to form a joint at their sternal end?

A

The 11th and 12th Costal Cartilages

33
Q

In the developing sternum, what joint classification is present between the manubrium, gladiolus and xiphoid process?

A

Cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis

Spinal Exam 3 (19 decks)

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