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Spinal Exam 3 > Additional Vertebral Column Arthrology (Joints) > Flashcards

Additional Vertebral Column Arthrology (Joints) Flashcards

1
Q

*What are the attachment sites of the posterior atlanto-occipital ligament?
(3)

A

Arcuate rim of the posterior arch of C1
Superior articular process of the lateral mass of C1
Posterior margin of the foramen magnum of the occipital bone

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2
Q

What are the attachment sites of the ponticulus posticus?

2

A

Arcuate rim of the posterior arch of C1

Superior articular process of the lateral mass of C1

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3
Q

What other name may be used to identify ponticulus posticus?

A

Kimmerle’s Anomaly

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4
Q

What names are given to the opening formed by the Ponticuls Posticus?

A

Arcuate Foramen

Retroarticular Canal

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5
Q

What amount of flexion-extension is accommodated by the atlanto-occipital joint?

A

About 25 degrees

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6
Q

What amount of axial rotation is accommodated but eh atlanto-occipital joint?

A

About 3-8 degrees one side axial rotation

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7
Q

What amount of lateral bending is accommodated but eh atlanto-occipital joint?

A

About 5 degrees

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8
Q

Which motion is best accommodated by the atlanto-occipital joint?

A

Flexion-extension

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9
Q

What are the joint surfaces of the median atlanto-axial joint at the anterior bursa?
(2)

A

Fovea Dentis of C1

Facet for Fovea Dentis of C2

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10
Q

What are the joint surfaces of the median atlanto-axial joint at the posterior bursa?
(2)

A

Groove for the transverse atlantal ligament of C2

Transverse atlantal ligament

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11
Q

What histological feature is present on the anterior surface of the transverse atlantal ligament?

A

Fibrocartilage at the surface of the ligament articulating with C2

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12
Q

What is the function of the transverse atlantal ligament?

A

It is the primary stabilizer of the atlanto-axial joint restricting the distance of C2 from the anterior arch of C1

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13
Q

What is the ADI?

A

The Atlanto-Dental Interspace- a radiographic distance between the surfaces of the anterior bursa and the median atlanto-axial joint

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14
Q

What is the ADI of children compared with that of adults?

A

ADI/Children: about 4.5 mm

ADI/Adults: range of 2-3mm or about 2.5 mm

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15
Q

What are the attachment sites for the accessory atlanto-axial ligament?

A

The base of the odontoid process and vertebral body of C1 to the tubercle for the transverse atlantal ligament on the lateral mass of C1

A superior continuation may attach on the occipital bone just behind that of the alar ligament

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16
Q

What ligament forms the medial, poster boundary of the intervertebral foramen at C1/C2?

A

The posterior atlanto-axial ligament

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17
Q

What are the degrees of movement facilitated at the atlanto-axial joint?

A

About 20 degrees of flexion-extension
40 degrees one side axial rotation
5 degrees lateral bending

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18
Q

The occiput-C1-C2 joint complex accounts for what percent of all cervical axial rotation?

A

About 60%

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19
Q

What are the attachment sites of the apical ligament of the dens or apicodental ligament?
(2)

A

The anterior margin of the foramen magnum

Tip of the ondontoid process of C2

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20
Q

What is the embryonic derivative of the apical ligament of the dens or the apicodental ligament?

A

The notochord

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21
Q

What are the attachment sites for the superficial layer of the membrane tectoria or tectorial membrane?

A

The posterior part of the inferior epiphyseal rim and the vertebral body of C2 to the capsular ligament of the atlanto-occipital joint and cranial dura of the posterior cranial fossa

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22
Q

What are the attachment sits for the deep layer of the membrane tectoria or tectorial membrane?

A

The posterior part of the inferior epiphyseal rim and vertebral body of C2 to the periosteum behind the cruciate ligament attachment site on the anterior rim of the foramen magnum

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23
Q

For the cervical spine below C2, what is the range of motion allowed for each type of joint motion identified?

A

Flexion-extension: 90 degrees
One side lateral bending: 50 degrees
One side axial rotation: 33 degrees

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24
Q

What are the locations for the costovertebral joints on the vertebra?

A

The costocentral joint at the cerebral body and the costotransverse joint at the transverse process

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25
Q

Costocentral radiate or stellate ligaments will attach the head of the rib to what structure?

A

Both vertebral bodies of the costocentral joint and IV disc for ribs 1-9

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26
Q

An intra-articular ligament will be identified with which ribs?

A

Ribs 2-9

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27
Q

Which vertebrae wil have a synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia) costotransverse joint?

A

Typically T1-T10

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28
Q

At what rib will the superior costotransverse ligament be absent?

A

The first rib

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29
Q

What ligaments will attach to the neck of the 12th rib?

A

The superior costotransverse ligament from T11

Lumbocostal ligament from L1

30
Q

What unique ligament is present at the 12th rib?

A

The lumbocostal ligament

31
Q

Which ribs will have an attachment for the inferior costotransverse ligament?

A

Rib 1-11

32
Q

At what rib will the inferior costotransverse ligament be absent?

A

12th rib

33
Q

What is the name of the space between the transverse process and the neck of the rib?

A

The costotransverse foramen

34
Q

Which ligament “fills? the costotransverse foramen?

A

The inferior costotransverse ligament

35
Q

At what rib will the lateral costotransverse ligament be absent?

A

The 12 rib

36
Q

Which vertebral couples of the thoracic spine will have the greatest motion?

A

T11/T12

T12/L1

37
Q

Which range of motion is greatest for lower thoracic vertebral couples?

A

Flexion-Extension

38
Q

Which range of motion is least for lower thoracic vertebral couples?

A

One side axial rotation

39
Q

Based on current literature, what common ligaments are absent at the lumbosacral joint?
(3)

A

Ligamentum nuchae
Interspinous ligament
Supraspinous ligament

40
Q

Which ligaments replace the inter transverse ligament at the lumbosacral joint?
(2)

A

The iliolumbar ligament

The Lumbosacral ligament

41
Q

Which of the current ligaments from the iliolumbar ligament complex represents the iliolumbar ligament of classical descriptions?

A

The superior iliolumbar ligament

42
Q

Which ligament front he iliolumbar ligament complex represents the lumbosacral ligament of classical descriptions

A

The inferior iliolumbar ligament

43
Q
  • Which vertebral couple of the lumbar spine has the greatest range of motion?
A

L5/S1

44
Q

Which range of motion is greatest for all lumbar vertebral couples?

A

Flexion-extension

45
Q

Which range of motion is least for L1-L5 vertebral couples?

A

One side axial rotation

46
Q

Which range of motion is least for the L5/S1 vertebral couple?

A

One side lateral bending

47
Q

What joint classifications are present at the sacrocccygeal joint?
(2)

A

Cartilagionous (amphiarthrosis) syphysis

Fibrous (amphiarthosis) syndesmosis

48
Q

What ligament represents the continuation of the anterior longitudinal ligament at the sacrococcygeal joint?

A

The anterior sacrococcygeal ligament

49
Q
  • List, in order, from cranial to caudal the ligaments forming the anterior boundary of the spinal column
A

The anterior atlanto-occipital ligament, anterior atlanto-axial ligament, anterior longitudinal ligament, and the anterior sacroccygeal ligament

50
Q

What ligament represents the continuation of the posterior longitudinal ligament at the sacrococcygeal joint?

A

The deep posterior sacrococcygeal ligament

51
Q
  • List, in order, from cranial to caudal the ligaments forming the anterior boundary of the spinal canal
A

The membrane tec toria, posterior longitudinal ligament, and deep posterior sacroccygeal ligament

52
Q
  • List, in order, from cranial to caudal the ligaments forming the posterior boundary of the spinal canal
A

The posterior atlanto-occipital ligament, posterior atlanto-axial ligament, ligamentum flavum, and superficial posterior sacrococcygeal ligament

53
Q

What forms the closure for the spinal canal inferiorly?

A

The fusion of the deep posterior sacrococcygeal ligament with the superficial posterior sacroccygeal ligament

54
Q

What is the auricular surface of sacrum composed of?

A

True articular cartilage, a modification of hyaline cartilage

55
Q

What is the auricular surface of the ilium composed of?

A

Articular cartilage, inter spread with fibrocartilage

56
Q

What does degenerative arthosis mean?

A

A condition of degeneration of the joint, sometimes referred to as degenerative joint diseases (DJD)

57
Q

What does ankylosis mean?

A

A condition of fibrous adhesion occurs within the joint

58
Q

What is the age and surface bias associated with degenerative arthritis of the sacroiliac joint?

A

Age 40

The iliac auricular surface

59
Q

What is the age and gender bias associated with ankylosis of the sacroiliac joint?

A

Age 50

Male bias, particularly in African American males

60
Q

What is the age and gender bias associated with ossification of the anterior sacroiliac ligament?

A

Age 40

Male Bias

61
Q

Which is the strongest of the sacroiliac ligaments?

A

The interosseous sacro-iliac ligament

62
Q

What are the attachment sites of the interosseous sacroiliac ligament?

A

At the sacral tuberosity and the iliac sulcus

63
Q

What passes between the layers of the interosseous sacroiliac ligaments?

A

Dorsal Rami of the sacral spinal nerves

64
Q

What is formed by the continuation of the sacrotuberous ligament along the ischial ramus?

A

The falciform process

65
Q

What separates the greater sciatic and lesser sciatic foramina?

A

The sacrospinous ligament

66
Q

What is the classification of the first sternochondral joint?

A

Cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) Synchondrosis

67
Q

What are the joint surfaces of the first sternocostal or sternochondral joint?

A

The costalcartilage of the first rib and costal notch I of the manubrium sterni

68
Q

What ligaments are present at the first sternocostal or sternochondral joint?

A

NO ligaments

69
Q

What is the classification of the 2nd-7th sternocostal or sternochondral joint?

A

Synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)

70
Q

Which of the sternocostal or sternochondral ligaments is unique to the second sternocostal or sternochondral joint?

A

The intra-articular ligament

71
Q

The capsular ligament is present at which interchondral joints?

A

The 6th-9th interchondral joints

72
Q

What is the classification of the 6th through the 9th interchondral joints?

A

Synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)

Spinal Exam 3 (19 decks)

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