the hand

Question 1

most commonly fractured carpal bone

Answer 1

scaphoid

Question 2

most commonly dislocated carpal bone

Answer 2

lunate

Question 3

scaphoid fractures

Answer 3

can disrupt the blood supply to the bone resulting in delayed or nonunion avascular necrosis of the bone - requires surgical intervention

Question 4

common synovial joint to be affected by arthritis

Answer 4

1st carpometacarpal joint thumb joint between trapezium and knuclke

Question 5

sesmoid bones

Answer 5

bones floating in a tendon, like the 2 in the thumb and knee cap

Question 6

knuckles

Answer 6

metacarpophalangeal joints

Question 7

rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 7

autoimmune disease affects synovial fluid in the joints - hands common

Question 8

5th metacarpal fracture

Answer 8

boxers fracture

Question 9

5th metacarpal mobility

Answer 9

very mobile

Question 10

trigger finger mechanism

Answer 10

trauma or inflammation creates a nodule made of scar tissue on the flexor tendon. as the finger moves, the nodule gets trapped beneath an annular ligament and patients may feel a “locking” or “catching” when they bend or straighten their finger

Question 11

stenosing tenosynovitis

Answer 11

trigger finger

Question 12

most common trigger fingers

Answer 12

ring finger and thumb, but can happen in any due to the fibrous digital sheath

Question 13

fibrous digital sheath

Answer 13

tough ligaments tubes on the palmar surface of finger - has annular and cruciform ligaments that secure the FDS and FDP to the finger - and includes the synovial sheaths

Question 14

synovial tendon sheaths

Answer 14

tubular envelopes containing synovial fluid that surrounds tendons - permit tendons to move freely with less friction during hand movements

Question 15

tenosynovitis

Answer 15

inflammation of the synovial tendon sheath

Question 16

intrinsic muscular compartments of the hand

Answer 16

hypothenar thenar adductor central interosseous

Question 17

damage to which nerve affects function of the DIPJ of digits 4 and 5?

Answer 17

ulnar

Question 18

adduction and abduction plane of movement in the thumb

Answer 18

sagittal plane

Question 19

flexion and extension plane of movement in the thumb

Answer 19

frontal plane

Question 20

a strong well-defined fascia that covers and protects the underlying neurovascular structures and the long flexor tendons to the fingers

Answer 20

palmar aponeurosis

Question 21

Answer 21

Question 22

muscules of hypothenar compartment

Answer 22

muscles involved in moving the 5th digit

• abductor digiti minimi
• flexor digiti minimi brevis
• opponens digiti minimi

Question 23

innervation of the hypothenar compartment

Answer 23

beep branch of the ulnar nerve

C8 & T1

Question 25

muscle that allows opposition of the thumb

Answer 25

opponens pollicis

Question 26

muscles of the thenar compartment

Answer 26

abductor pollicis brevis

flexor pollicis brevis

opponens brevis

Question 27

innervation of thenar compartment

Answer 27

recurrent branch of median nerve C8 and T1

Question 28

main job of thenar compartment

Answer 28

opposition of thumb!

Question 29

innervation of adductor compartment

Answer 29

deep branch of the ulnar nerve

Question 30

adductor compartment of hand

Answer 30

has adductor pollicis - allows adduction of thumb

Question 31

central compartment of hand

Answer 31

located beneath the aponeurosis and contains

• the long flexor tendons (FDS and FDP)
• neurovascular structures
• lumbrical muscles

Question 32

what does lumbrical mean?

Answer 32

worm like

Question 33

lumbricals in central compartment of hand

Answer 33

• 4 small intrinsic muscles of the hand that arise from the FDP tendons
• attach to lateral sides of extensor expansion hood (on the dorsum) of digits 2-5

Question 34

lateral two lumbricals (1 and 2)

Answer 34

innervated by median nerve

Question 35

medial two lumbricals (3 and 4)

Answer 35

innervated by the ulnar nerve

Question 36

muscles that flex the digits at the MCP joint and extend the interphalangeal joints

Answer 36

lumbrical muscles

Question 39

lumbricals flex the ____

Answer 39

MCP (bye bye muscles)

Question 40

innervation of the interosseous compartment of the hand

Answer 40

deep branch of the ulnar nerve

Question 41

location of interosseous compartment

Answer 41

between the metacarpal bones

Question 42

interossei muscles

Answer 42

in the interosseous compartment, aid in grip strength and assist the lumbrical muscles

Question 43

carpal tunnel syndrome

Answer 43

results from any condition that effectively reduces the size of the carpal tunnel

median nerve gets impinged of trapped by these conditions

patients experience symptoms in their hand distal to the nerve entrapment

Question 44

nerves that innervate the hand

Answer 44

radial

median

ulnar

Question 45

median nerve gives off _____ branch that innervates ____ muscles

Answer 45

recurrent

thenar

Question 46

symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome

Answer 46

parasthesia, hypoesthesia, or anesthesia of lateral 3 1/2 digits along the palmar surface

tx is often surgical release

Question 47

nerve of fine movements

Answer 47

deep branch of the ulnar

Question 48

arterial supply to the hands

Answer 48

ulnar and radial artery and branches

Question 49

the radial artery gives rise to the

Answer 49

radial indicis and princeps pollicis arteries that vascularize the index and thumb (lateral hand)