brachial plexus and upper nerve lesions

Question 1

long thoracic nerve roots

Answer 1

C5 C6 C7

Question 2

innervation to serrates anterior

Answer 2

long thoracic nerve

Question 3

wing scapula, inability to stabilize scapula

Answer 3

long thoracic nerve

Question 4

suprascapular nerve innervation

Answer 4

supraspinatus and infraspinatus

Question 5

damage to the suprascauplar nerve causes muscle weakness where

Answer 5

weak abduction to supraspinatus weak lateral (external) rotation of shoulder infraspainatus

Question 6

thoracodorsal nerve roots

Answer 6

c6 c7 c8

Question 7

innervation to lats

Answer 7

thoracodorsal nerve

Question 8

muscles weaknesses of thoracodorsal nerve

Answer 8

weakness adducting, internally medial rotating, and extending the arm weakness climbing, rowing, pushing up out of a chair

Question 9

axillary nerve roots

Answer 9

c5 c6

Question 10

presentation if axillary nerve is damaged

Answer 10

• loss of rounded counter of the shoulder
• limited abduction of the arm
• weakened lateral rotation of arm

Question 11

how is axillary nerve damaged?

Answer 11

shoulder dislocation or surgical neck fracture

Question 12

can occur in surgical neck fractures of the humerus and shoulder dislocations

Answer 12

axillary nerve damage

Question 13

musculocutaneous nerve roots

Answer 13

c5 c6 c7

Question 14

innervation to muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm

Answer 14

musculocutaneous

Question 15

if musculocutaneous nerve is damaged

Answer 15

-weak flexion of forearm -weakness in supination of forearm -sensory loss lateral aspect of forearm not commonly injured

Question 16

brachial plexus lesions affect the ______ of several spinal nerves

Answer 16

ventral rami

Question 17

lesions of the brachial plexus always result in a combination of both _____ and _____ deficits

Answer 17

motor and sensory

Question 18

two forms of brachial plexus injury

Answer 18

upper brachial plexus C5 and C6 ventral rami lower brachial plexus C8 and T1 (maybe C7)

Question 19

upper brachial plexus injuries typically occur due to

Answer 19

excessive lateral stretching between the head and shoulder

Question 20

etiology of upper brachial plexus injury

Answer 20

motorcycle, equestrian, football injuries, obstetrical trauma! stretch or avulse the c5 and c6 superior roots of the plexus

Question 21

upper brachial plexus injuries are called

Answer 21

Erb’s Palsy or Erbs Duchenne Palsy

Question 22

stinger

Answer 22

motorcycle, equestion, football injuries

Question 23

Erb Duchenne Palsy

Answer 23

paralysis or weakness of muscles innervated by C5 and C6 nerve roots

Question 24

muscles affected in Erb’s Palsy

Answer 24

deltoid, supra and infraspinatos, biceps, brachioradialis, supinator

Question 25

presentation of erb-duchenne palsy

Answer 25

resulting limb is adducted, internally rotated, pronated, and extended at the elbow

loss of sensation along the lateral arm and forearm C5 and C6 dermatomes

Question 26

waiters tip hand

Answer 26

fingers and wrist curl into flexion in Erb Ducheene Palsy

Question 27

lower brachial plexus injuries typically result from

Answer 27

upper limb being suddenly pulled superiorly, grasping a limb during a fall or breech birth

Question 28

lower brachial plexus trauma can _______________ of the ventral rami

Answer 28

strech or avulse C8 and T1 (maybe c7) ventral rami

Question 29

brachial plexus injuries- less than 1% of brachial plexus injuries

Answer 29

klumpke palsy

Question 30

klumpke palsy

Answer 30

devasting injuries paralyze the short intrinsic muscles of the hand causing muscle imbalances between the digital flexors and extensors

Question 31

resulting deformity of klumpke palsy

Answer 31

• thin atrophied hand
• associated sensory loss along the c8 and T1 dermatomes
• can present with Horners Syndrome

Question 32

horners syndrome

Answer 32

disruption of sympathetic nerves traveling in T1 (eye droop) and can be associated with Klumpke palsy

Question 33

high median nerve injuries area

Answer 33

cubital fossa

Question 34

hand of benediction

Answer 34

1st and thumb cant flex when asked to make a fist - median nerve damage