The Globe - Lecture 8

Question 1

the globe

Answer 1

filled with fluids

includes 3 concentric spheres (tunics)

Question 2

tunics from outside to inside

Answer 2

fibrous tunic

vascular tunic

nervous tunic

Question 3

fibrous tunic

Answer 3

cornea and sclera

Question 4

cornea

Answer 4

major light focusing surface of the eye

transparent

Question 5

what is the cornea innervated by

Answer 5

sensory branches of CN5

tested w/ cotton on cornea

Question 6

what is the cornea made up of

Answer 6

collagen fibers

transparent

regularly arranged

Question 7

sclera

Answer 7

whites of the eye

begins at the cornea

Question 8

what is the sclera made up of

Answer 8

collagen fibers

opaque

irregularly arranged

Question 9

what does the sclera provide

Answer 9

protection for the inner contents of the globe

allows for variations in intraocular pressure

Question 10

sclera is the

Answer 10

insertion point for extraocular muscles

Question 11

vascular tunic

Answer 11

iris

ciliary body

choroid

Question 12

what is the vascular tunic

Answer 12

middle coat of the eyeball

Question 13

what is the vascular tunic composed of

Answer 13

choroid

ciliary body

iris

Question 14

choroid

Answer 14

vascular

darkly pigmented membrane

brown color
–>from melanocytes

Question 15

what does the choroid form

Answer 15

posterior 5/6 of the vascular tunic

Question 16

what does the choroid prevent

Answer 16

scattering of light rays w/in the eye

Question 17

where is the choroid body

Answer 17

posterior to ciliary body

Question 18

what does the choroid form (2)

Answer 18

network of blood vessels providing metabolic support

Question 19

iris

Answer 19

colored part of the eye

Question 20

what does the iris do

Answer 20

divides the eye’s internal space

Question 21

divisions of internal space

Answer 21

anterior chamber

posterior chamber

Question 22

anterior chamber

Answer 22

front of iris

Question 23

posterior chamber

Answer 23

b/w iris and the lens

Question 24

pupil

Answer 24

created by perforations in the 3 main layers

it is an opening

Question 25

what is the front of the iris made of

Answer 25

loosely structured collagen fibers

Question 26

what is found in the front of the iris

Answer 26

melanocytes (pigment cells) sphincter muscle (ANS) blood vessels

Question 27

central layer of the iris is

Answer 27

non-pigmented epithelium

Question 28

what does the centra layer include

Answer 28

dilator muscle opens the pupil in the dark responds in dark

Question 29

deepest layer of the iris includes

Answer 29

pigmented epithelium lens

Question 30

where is the ciliary body

Answer 30

behind the iris just inside the sclera

Question 31

what is the ciliary body composed of

Answer 31

several layers that are similar to this iris

Question 32

what is most external in the ciliary body

Answer 32

ciliary muscle contains blood vessels and ciliary processes

Question 33

what do the blood vessels of the ciliary body produce

Answer 33

aqueous humor

Question 34

aqueous humor

Answer 34

fluid enters the posterior chamber flows through the pupil into the anterior chamber absorbed by scleral veins

Question 35

what is aqueous humor responsible for

Answer 35

intraocular pressure

Question 36

what can extremely high pressure do

Answer 36

damage the optic N results in glaucoma

Question 37

ciliary body serves to

Answer 37

adjust the tension of the lens --> changing the refraction of the lens secretes a component of vetreous humor --> fills the main cavity of the eye behind the iris and in front of the retina

Question 38

nervous tunica

Answer 38

retina retinal pigment epithelium

Question 39

how many layers of the retina are there

Answer 39

10

Question 40

how are the layers divided

Answer 40

2 general sections called basi

Question 41

2 sections of retina

Answer 41

retinal pigment epithelium sensory or neuronal retina

Question 42

retinal pigment epithelium

Answer 42

outer layer helps nourish and support photoreceptors (vitamin A)

Question 43

what happens when nourishment of the retina deteriorates

Answer 43

retina degenerates macular degeneration

Question 44

sensory or neuronal retina

Answer 44

layers 2-10 converts light energy into electrical impulses

Question 45

how is the sensory/neuronal retina unique

Answer 45

sense organ that is actually part of the CNS

Question 46

what is the photoreceptor layer

Answer 46

2 rods and cones convert light energy into nerve impulses

Question 47

rods

Answer 47

cylindrically shaped broad range of wave length night can work with minimal light

Question 48

cones

Answer 48

conically shaped narrow wavelength range color responsible for color discrimination need more light

Question 49

what do the 10 layers contain

Answer 49

supporting glia muller cells

Question 50

10 layers

Answer 50

pigment epithelium rod and cones external limiting membrane outer plexiform layer inner nuclear layer inner plexiform layer ganglion cell layer optic nerve fiber internal limiting membrane