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Basic Neuro - Test 2 > The Globe - Lecture 8 > Flashcards

The Globe - Lecture 8 Flashcards

1
Q

the globe

A

filled with fluids

includes 3 concentric spheres (tunics)

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2
Q

tunics from outside to inside

A

fibrous tunic

vascular tunic

nervous tunic

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3
Q

fibrous tunic

A

cornea and sclera

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4
Q

cornea

A

major light focusing surface of the eye

transparent

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5
Q

what is the cornea innervated by

A

sensory branches of CN5

tested w/ cotton on cornea

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6
Q

what is the cornea made up of

A

collagen fibers

transparent

regularly arranged

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7
Q

sclera

A

whites of the eye

begins at the cornea

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8
Q

what is the sclera made up of

A

collagen fibers

opaque

irregularly arranged

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9
Q

what does the sclera provide

A

protection for the inner contents of the globe

allows for variations in intraocular pressure

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10
Q

sclera is the

A

insertion point for extraocular muscles

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11
Q

vascular tunic

A

iris

ciliary body

choroid

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12
Q

what is the vascular tunic

A

middle coat of the eyeball

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13
Q

what is the vascular tunic composed of

A

choroid

ciliary body

iris

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14
Q

choroid

A

vascular

darkly pigmented membrane

brown color
–>from melanocytes

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15
Q

what does the choroid form

A

posterior 5/6 of the vascular tunic

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16
Q

what does the choroid prevent

A

scattering of light rays w/in the eye

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17
Q

where is the choroid body

A

posterior to ciliary body

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18
Q

what does the choroid form (2)

A

network of blood vessels providing metabolic support

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19
Q

iris

A

colored part of the eye

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20
Q

what does the iris do

A

divides the eye’s internal space

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21
Q

divisions of internal space

A

anterior chamber

posterior chamber

22
Q

anterior chamber

A

front of iris

23
Q

posterior chamber

A

b/w iris and the lens

24
Q

pupil

A

created by perforations in the 3 main layers

it is an opening

25
Q

what is the front of the iris made of

A

loosely structured collagen fibers

26
Q

what is found in the front of the iris

A

melanocytes (pigment cells)

sphincter muscle (ANS)

blood vessels

27
Q

central layer of the iris is

A

non-pigmented epithelium

28
Q

what does the centra layer include

A

dilator muscle

opens the pupil in the dark

responds in dark

29
Q

deepest layer of the iris includes

A

pigmented epithelium

lens

30
Q

where is the ciliary body

A

behind the iris

just inside the sclera

31
Q

what is the ciliary body composed of

A

several layers that are similar to this iris

32
Q

what is most external in the ciliary body

A

ciliary muscle

contains blood vessels and ciliary processes

33
Q

what do the blood vessels of the ciliary body produce

A

aqueous humor

34
Q

aqueous humor

A

fluid enters the posterior chamber

flows through the pupil into the anterior chamber

absorbed by scleral veins

35
Q

what is aqueous humor responsible for

A

intraocular pressure

36
Q

what can extremely high pressure do

A

damage the optic N

results in glaucoma

37
Q

ciliary body serves to

A

adjust the tension of the lens –> changing the refraction of the lens

secretes a component of vetreous humor –> fills the main cavity of the eye behind the iris and in front of the retina

38
Q

nervous tunica

A

retina

retinal pigment epithelium

39
Q

how many layers of the retina are there

A

10

40
Q

how are the layers divided

A

2 general sections

called basi

41
Q

2 sections of retina

A

retinal pigment epithelium

sensory or neuronal retina

42
Q

retinal pigment epithelium

A

outer layer

helps nourish and support photoreceptors (vitamin A)

43
Q

what happens when nourishment of the retina deteriorates

A

retina degenerates

macular degeneration

44
Q

sensory or neuronal retina

A

layers 2-10

converts light energy into electrical impulses

45
Q

how is the sensory/neuronal retina unique

A

sense organ that is actually part of the CNS

46
Q

what is the photoreceptor layer

A

2

rods and cones

convert light energy into nerve impulses

47
Q

rods

A

cylindrically shaped

broad range of wave length

night

can work with minimal light

48
Q

cones

A

conically shaped

narrow wavelength range color

responsible for color discrimination

need more light

49
Q

what do the 10 layers contain

A

supporting glia

muller cells

50
Q

10 layers

A

pigment epithelium

rod and cones

external limiting membrane

outer plexiform layer

inner nuclear layer

inner plexiform layer

ganglion cell layer

optic nerve fiber

internal limiting membrane

Basic Neuro - Test 2 (14 decks)

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