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Basic Neuro - Test 2 > Cerebellum Worksheet - Lecture 9 > Flashcards

Cerebellum Worksheet - Lecture 9 Flashcards

1
Q

where is the cerebellum located

A

dorsally to the pons and medulla

in the posterior cranial fossa

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2
Q

what separates the CB from the occipital and temporal lobes

A

tentorium cerebelli

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3
Q

what would happen if the Cb was compressed or pushed downward

A

add pressure to the pons, medulla and SC

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4
Q

where does the cerebellum receive its blood supply

A

vertebrobasilar system

–> posterior inferior cerebral artery (PICA)

–> anterior inferior cerebral artery (AICA)

–> superior cerebral artery (SCA)

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5
Q

what are the 3 ways to divide the Cb

A

zones

lobes

fxn

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6
Q

zones

A

vermal (median) zone

paravermal (intermediate) zone

hemispheric (lateral) zone

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7
Q

lobes

A

anterior

posterior

flocculonodular

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8
Q

how are the lobes connected to the rest of the brain

A

3 dense fiber bundles
–> peduncles

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9
Q

fxn

A

vestibulocerebellum

spinocerebellum

cerebrocerebellum

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10
Q

vestibulocerebellum role

A

maintenance of balance

control of eye movements

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11
Q

spinecerebellum role

A

regulation of muscle tone

coordination of skilled voluntary movement

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12
Q

cerebrocerebellum role

A

planning and modulation of voluntary activity

storage of procedural memories

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13
Q

three layers of the Cb cortex

A

molecular (outermost)

purkinje (middle layer)

granular (innermost)

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14
Q

molecular layer

A

contains 2 primary interneurons
–>inhibitory in nature

both help to communicate with purkinje cell dendrites via GABAergic synapses

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15
Q

2 primary interneurons of the molecular layer

A

stellate cells

basket cells

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16
Q

purkinje layer contains

A

cells with some of the largest neurons in the human brain

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17
Q

how are purkinje fibers arranged

A

stacked one in front of the other

domino like

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18
Q

purkinje cells communicate

A

with deep cerebellar nuclei

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19
Q

granular layer

A

mossy fibers enter the granular layer from the pontine nuclei

20
Q

what are formed in the granular layer

A

excitatory synapses with granule cells and cells of the deep cerebellar nuclei

21
Q

how many synapses are created –> granular layer

A

hundred to thousands w/ purkinje cell dendrites

22
Q

deep cerebellar nuclei

A

fastigial, glubose, emboliform, dentate

involved in influencing the descending motor pathways and the motor neurons of the brain stem and SC

23
Q

what are the deep cerebellar nuclei the main source of

A

cerebellar output

receive collaterals of cerebellar afferents and purkinje cell axon terminals from the overlying cerebellar cortex

24
Q

fastigal nucleus location

A

roof of the 4th ventricle

25
Q

what does the fastigal nucleus receive

A

fibers arising from the vestibulocerebellum and first order collaterals form the vestibular apparatus

26
Q

where do outputs from the fastigal nucleus go

A

lateral and inferior vestibular nuclei

influence the vestibulospinal tracts

27
Q

what does the fastigal nucleus play a larger role in

A

balance

eye fxn

vestibulospinal reflex

28
Q

globuse and emboliform nuclei

A

together referred to as the interposed nuclei

29
Q

afferents to interposed nuclei

A

purkinje cell terminals arising from the spinocerebellum

30
Q

where do the interpose nuclei project to

A

red nucleus

rubrospinal tract

31
Q

what do the interpose nuclei project via

A

ventral lateral nucleus of thalamus

lateral corticospinal tract

32
Q

denate nucleus

A

largest of the cerebellar nuclei

tooth shaped

33
Q

where does the denate nucleus receive inputs from

A

collaterals of pontocerebellar afferents

purkinje cell terminals originating from the cerebrocerebellar

34
Q

where does output from the denate nucleus go

A

premotor and primary motor cortexes via ventral lateral nucleus of the thalamus

35
Q

what do the outputs of the denate nucleus do

A

influence upcoming motor activity thats about to occur

final determinant of movement

36
Q

what else does the denate nucleus participate in

A

vestibulo-oculomotor pathways

37
Q

what does the Cb receive while initiating movement

A

efference copy of movement

from the frontal and parietal cerebral motor cortices

via the relay pons

38
Q

what does the efference copy of movement give the Cb

A

info to compare with the motion feedback it gets from the body

39
Q

what is the Cb enabled to do –> movement

A

compare performed movement to the desired movement

40
Q

what can the Cb compare

A

current movement with the movement performed in the past

in order to make changes and modify the movements to be most effective

41
Q

what does the Cb allow

A

correction of movement as it unfolds

42
Q

proprioceptive feedback of the Cb

A

tells the Cb how the body is moving

43
Q

how does the body tell the Cb how the body is moving

A

SC relays the proprioceptive info of ongoing movement and posture for to immense # of muscle spindles and other mechanoreceptors throughout the body

44
Q

what does the vestibular nuclei do during proprioceptive feedback

A

sends info on angular and linear acceleration from labyrinth in the ear

45
Q

what does the inferior olive do during proprioceptive feedback

A

active role in developing memory of the Cb

in order for us to master new complex movements

46
Q

where can lesions occur

A

central, anterior and posterior lobes of Cb

including the vermin (spinocerebellum)

47
Q

what do lesions result in

A

LE dyscoordination and/or deficits in LE equilibrium response

Basic Neuro - Test 2 (14 decks)

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